Phosphorus, Selenium, Tellurium, and Sulfur

Abstract

Phosphorus and sulfur are nonmetals. Examples of uses of phosphorus and phosphorus compounds are the manufacture of explosives, matches, rodenticides, and fertilizers. Examples of uses of sulfur and sulfur compounds are agricultural chemicals, petroleum refining, and metal mining. Sulfuric acid is a major product. Selenium and Tellurium are metalloids. Selenium is an essential trace metal and is used as a dietary supplement for livestock and as a fertilizer additive. Selenium compounds are also used in electric insulation, as a solvent and plasticizer. Tellurium is used as a metallurgical additive and vulcanizing agent in the processing of rubber. Examples of other uses of tellurium compounds are in photoreceptors, thermos‐electronic devices, and solar cells. Exposure to many of these compounds may cause irritation and or corrosion. Other toxic effects and exposure limits are discussed in the text.