Phosphorus supply influences heathland responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Pilkington, Michael; Caporn, S. J. M.; Carroll, Jacqueline A.; Cresswell, Neil; Lee, J.A.; Emmett, Bridget A.; Bagchi, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.10.034

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…squarrosus was recorded in the unlimed control (A) with pH 4.9 and in the only one plot of the limed treatment B with pH 6.5. R. squarrosus is evidently independent of soil pH as it frequently grows across a wide range of low productive plant communities from acid to alkaline soils (Bates et al 2005;Haworth et al 2007;Pilkington et al 2007). In the treatments C to F, the absence of this species was probably caused by shading of taller vascular plants in the canopy as well as by a specific sensitivity of R. squarrosus to N, P, and K application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

Hejcman

Száková

Schellberg

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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The Rengen Grassland Experiment in Germany, established in 1941, consists of the following fertilizer treatments applied under a two cut management: control, Ca, CaN, CaNP, CaNP-KCl, and CaNP-K(2)SO(4). The aim of this study was (1) to identify effects of fertilizer application on biomass and species composition of bryophytes and (2) to investigate the impact of fertilizer application on macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg), micro- (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), and toxic (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni) element concentrations in bryophyte biomass. In June 2006, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus was the only bryophyte species recorded in the control. In treatment Ca, R. squarrosus was the dominant bryophyte species whereas Brachythecium rutabulum occurred sporadically only in a single plot of that treatment. The latter was the only bryophyte species collected in CaN, CaNP, CaNP-KCl, and CaNP-K(2)SO(4) treatments. Dry matter accumulation of bryophytes was highest in the control (180 g m(-2)) followed by Ca (46 g m(-2)), CaNP (25 g m(-2)), CaNP-KCl (15 g m(-2)), CaNP-K(2)SO(4) (9 g m(-2)), and CaN (2 g m(-2)) treatments. A negative correlation between biomass production of bryophytes and dry matter production of vascular plants was revealed up to a threshold value of 400 g m(-2). Above this limit, biomass production of bryophytes remained obviously unaffected by further increase in biomass production of vascular plants. A significant effect of treatment on As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, P, Ca, Mg, K, and N concentrations was revealed. Concentrations of these elements were a function of amount of elements supplied with fertilizers. Bryophytes seem to be promising bio-indicators not only for airborne deposition of toxic element but also for fertilizer introduced as well.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solga and Frahm 2006;Haworth et al 2007;Pilkington et al 2007). Typically, transient dynamics have been measured following increased nutrient availability when fertilizers were applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

Hejcman

Száková

Schellberg

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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“…As found in previous studies, co-limitation by P/K will reduce the effectiveness of Sphagnum (Breeuwer et al, 2009) and other species present (e.g. Calluna) to retain N (Pilkington et al, 2007).…”

Section: N Sequestered In Above-ground Vegetation and The Peatmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fate of N in a peatland, Whim bog: immobilisation in the vegetation and peat, leakage into pore water and losses as N<sub>2</sub>O depend on the form of N

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Peatlands represent a vast carbon reserve that has accumulated under conditions of low nitrogen availability. Given the strong coupling between the carbon and nitrogen cycles, we need to establish the consequences of the increase in reactive nitrogen deposition for the sustainability of peatlands, and whether the form in which the nitrogen is deposited makes a difference. We have addressed these questions using a globally unique field simulation of reactive N deposition as dry deposited ammonia and wet deposited reduced N, ammonium and oxidised N, nitrate, added as ammonium chloride or sodium nitrate, to an ombrotrophic peatland, Whim bog in SE Scotland. Here we report the fate of 56 kg N ha −1 yr −1 additions over 10 yr and the consequences. The effects of 10 yr of reactive N additions depended on the form in which the N was applied. Ammonia-N deposition caused the keystone Sphagnum species, together with the main shrub Calluna and the pleurocarpous mosses, to disappear, exposing up to 30 % of the peat surface. This led to a significant increase in soil water nitrate and nitrous oxide emissions. By contrast wet deposited N, despite significantly reducing the cover of Sphagnum and Pleurozium moss, did not have a detrimental effect on Calluna cover nor did it significantly change soil water N concentrations or nitrous oxide emissions. Importantly 10 yr of wet deposited N did not bare the peat surface nor significantly disrupt the vegetation enabling the N to be retained within the carbon rich peatland ecosystems. However, given the significant role of Sphagnum in maintaining conditions that retard decomposition, this study suggests that all nitrogen forms will eventually compromise carbon sequestration by peatlands through loss of some keystone Sphagnum species.

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“…It was concluded that the tolerant lichen Cladonia foliacea could be used as biomarker of responses to nitrogen. In contrast, other species adapted to nutrient poor habitats and acidophytic (sensitive to eutrophication) species abundance and distribution are negatively correlated with nitrogen enrichment (Gaio-Oliveira et al 2004;Friedel and Muller 2004;Davies et al 2007;FranzenReuter and Frahm 2007;Pilkington et al 2007;Pinho et al 2008). High levels of nitrogen cause a decrease in lichen abundance and overall homogenization of the lichen species with remaining the most tolerant species (Liska and Herben 2008).…”

Section: Nitrogen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Monitoring Lichen as Indicators of Atmospheric Quality

Sujetovienė

2014

Recent Advances in Lichenology

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Phosphorus supply influences heathland responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

Fate of N in a peatland, Whim bog: immobilisation in the vegetation and peat, leakage into pore water and losses as N<sub>2</sub>O depend on the form of N

Monitoring Lichen as Indicators of Atmospheric Quality

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Phosphorus supply influences heathland responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

The Rengen Grassland experiment: bryophytes biomass and element concentrations after 65 years of fertilizer application

Fate of N in a peatland, Whim bog: immobilisation in the vegetation and peat, leakage into pore water and losses as N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O depend on the form of N

Monitoring Lichen as Indicators of Atmospheric Quality

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Fate of N in a peatland, Whim bog: immobilisation in the vegetation and peat, leakage into pore water and losses as N<sub>2</sub>O depend on the form of N