Phosphorus uptake by decomposing leaf detritus: Effect of microbial biomass and activity

Mulholland, Patrick J.; Elwood, Jerry W.; Newbold, J. Denis; Webster, Jackson R.; Ferren, L. A.; Perkins, R.E.

doi:10.1080/03680770.1983.11897591

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Comparing our results with other studies (Mulholland et al 1984, Maamri et al 1999 where the ETS-activity had been applied to plant material decomposing in aquatic environments, we found that the variation of the ETS activity during the decomposition period had a similar tendency. The initial increase in the ETS-activity reflects the microbial colonization process on the decomposing plant material.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Although the statistical correlation between the in vivo measured ETSactivity and the direct measured oxygen consumption exists (Trevors 1984), the ETS-activity is not equivalent with the directly measurable O 2 consumption because the INT interfere with the cell biochemistry (Antonietti 1998). Nevertheless, this version of the ETS is widely used for sediments, soils and biofilms (Trevors 1984, Mulholland et al 1984, Blekinsopp & Lock 1990, Maamri et al 1999. The advantage of the in vitro measured microbial ETS-activity is that the method is well standardized by an enzyme extraction step and the saturation of the reaction rate adding electron donors (NADH, NADPH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of the tetrazolium reduction test for the detection of the terminal electron transport system (ETS) activity in decomposing reed (Phragmites australis /Cav./ Trin. ex Steud.) rhizome

Szabó

2003

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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Tetrazolium reduction and enzyme kinetics were examined to estimate the ETS activity of decomposing reed (Phragmites australis /Cav./ Trin. ex Steud.) rhizome to collect information on the activity of microbial decomposers. Optimal incubation time was determined at 22 °C. For complete enzyme extraction, 4-6 min. of homogenization was necessary. The main substrates of the enzymatic reaction were NADH and NADPH. The reaction was fastest when 2-(-p-iodophenyl)-3-(-p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (INT ; 0.8 mM), NADPH (0.25 mM) and NADH (1.7 mM) were applied simultaneously. The optimal incubation time should be less than 20 minutes. The pH optimum of the enzyme reaction is 8.0-8.4. ETS activity of decomposing reed rhizome can be used to estimate potentially the oxygen consumption of microorganisms involved in decomposition and, indirectly, the rate of decomposition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of the tetrazolium reduction test for the detection of the terminal electron transport system (ETS) activity in decomposing reed (Phragmites australis /Cav./ Trin. ex Steud.) rhizome

Szabó

2003

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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“…in July 1978 were similar to values measured in August 1982 when Sw was only 97 m (Tables 1 and 4), FPOM abundance was considerably lower (150 g/m2) in July 1978 (Newbold et al 1983 a major determinant ofthe efficiency of P04 utilization in Walker Branch, they do not reveal the importance of CPOM quality. In a separate study examining the role of microbial conditioning of CPOM on P04 uptake in laboratory streams, we found the P04 uptake by CPOM increased sharply, then declined during the first few weeks after leaves were added to the stream (Mulholland et al 1984). However, the rate of P04 uptake by CPOM and Sw appeared to stabilize after CPOM had been in the streams ?4-5 wk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…though we calculate that average CPOM concentration could be on the order of 10-20 mg/L during the first large storm following autumn leaf fall, over the entire year CPOM transport is small compared to FPOM transport (Sedell et al 1978, Gurtzetal. 1980, Webster 1984. Thus, in an average year in which 17% ofthe flow is due to storms, ~75% ofthe particulate organic matter transport may occur during storms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Spiralling in a Woodland Stream: Seasonal Variations

Mulholland¹,

Newbold²,

Elwood³

et al. 1985

Ecology

236

156

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Abstract. Four radiotracer releases were performed over an annual period in 1981-1982 to de? termine seasonal variation in indices and pathways of phosphorus spiralling in Walker Branch, a small woodland stream in eastern Tennessee, USA. Each release consisted of an addition of ^370 MBq each of carrier-free 32P04 and 3H20 over a 1 -h period during baseflow. Concentrations of 32P and 3H dissolved in stream water were measured intensively at several stations downstream from the radio? tracer input during and immediately following each release. Activity of 32P in coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM), fine particulate organic matter (FPOM), and aufwuchs was measured 2-3 h after each release and at various intervals for 7 wk. Total biomass of CPOM, FPOM, and aufwuchs at the time of each release was also measured. Ecological Society of AmericaUptake of 32P04 from the water was greatest in November and lowest in August. Uptake length {Sw) of phosphorus, defined as the average distance travelled by a P04 ion dissolved in water, varied from 22 m in November to 97 m in August. Uptake of 32P04 by CPOM was generally greatest, with ~50% of total uptake, while that by aufwuchs was lowest, with < 15% ofthe total. CPOM abundance was the major determinant of whole-stream P04 uptake rate and Sw. Turnover length {Sp) of phos? phorus, defined as the average distance traveled by an atom of P taken up by particulate material, was short compared to Sw, varying from 1 m in November to 3 m in January. Consequently total spiralling length {S) of P varied from 23 m in November, just after peak autumn leaf fall, to 99 m in August, and reflected primarily the travel of P in the dissolved form.Our results indicate that the greatest increase in Sw (and consequently in S) in Walker Branch occurs in late autumn or winter after storms reduce the abundance of CPOM in the lower portions of the stream bed. Although we calculate that Sp may increase by one to two orders of magnitude for short periods during storms, the greatest effect of storms on P spiralling over the long term is their impact on the quality and quantity of CPOM and FPOM in the stream bed after the return to baseflow. For most of the year, detrital organic carbon probably influences phosphorus spiralling more than phosphorus spiralling influences the processing of organic carbon in Walker Branch. Only during the fall and early winter periods, when CPOM abundance is high and Sw is short, does phosphorus spiralling exert strong control over biotic processes downstream.

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“…geology, Richards et al 1997). The modification of farming practices and the reduction of hedgerow networks generate an increase in solute inputs to the streams (Arheimer & Liden 2000, Van Herpe & Troch 2000, with potential oxygen depletion and river eutrophication (Mulholland et al 1984, Gulis & Suberkropp 2003. The increase in field size and the destruction of riparian vegetation also induce an increase in fine sediment inputs into streams (Stevens & Cummins 1999, Quinn & Stroud 2002, with potential stream bed clogging (Culp et al 1983, Quinn et al 1992, Hancock 2002, changes in the chemical characteristics of interstitial water (Dahm et al 1998) and in the composition of interstitial assemblages (Boulton et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of catchment disturbance on stream invertebrates: comparison of different habitats (vegetation, benthic and interstitial) using bio-ecological groups.

Sarriquet

Delettre

Marmonier

2006

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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The intensification of agriculture has drastically modified the structure of rural landscapes, changing field size, destructing hedgerow networks, and increasing nutrients and fine sediments fluxes to rivers. To evaluate the effects of these disturbances at the catchment scale, we studied the surface and interstitial water chemistry and the invertebrate assemblages in three different habitats: the vegetation, the benthic, and the interstitial. Six headwater streams ranging from undisturbed to disturbed forests (wind-fallen area) and from traditional agriculture to intensive farming areas were studied. Differences between forested and agricultural streams lie in changes in water chemistry, in habitat quality, and in the composition of the assemblages with little reduction in species richness. The forested streams were only disturbed by large-scale modifications of their catchments (i.e. wind-fallen area along the stream), which made the invertebrate assemblages similar to those of agricultural streams, even if water characteristics were not modified. In contrast, large scale modifications of landscape structure near the agricultural streams (hedgerow removal) had little effect on the fauna, but the destruction of the riparian strip (with direct access of the cattle to the river) profoundly affected the system with drastic modifications of in-stream habitat quality and invertebrate assemblage composition. The effects of these disturbances differed according to the habitat considered, with increasing differences between assemblages from the interstitial, to the benthic, and to the vegetation habitats. Finally, groups of organisms based on bioecological traits appeared as efficient tools for the evaluation of catchment disturbances, at least for the benthic and the vegetation fauna.

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Phosphorus uptake by decomposing leaf detritus: Effect of microbial biomass and activity

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

The use of the tetrazolium reduction test for the detection of the terminal electron transport system (ETS) activity in decomposing reed (Phragmites australis /Cav./ Trin. ex Steud.) rhizome

The use of the tetrazolium reduction test for the detection of the terminal electron transport system (ETS) activity in decomposing reed (Phragmites australis /Cav./ Trin. ex Steud.) rhizome

Phosphorus Spiralling in a Woodland Stream: Seasonal Variations

Effects of catchment disturbance on stream invertebrates: comparison of different habitats (vegetation, benthic and interstitial) using bio-ecological groups.

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