Phosphorylated chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) based proton exchange membranes modified with propylammonium nitrate ionic liquid and silica filler for fuel cell applications

Rosli, Nur Adiera Hanna; Loh, Kee Shyuan; Wong, Wai Yin; Lee, Tian Khoon; Ahmad, Azizan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.04.063

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One of the significant part of fuel cell is the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is comprised of a polymeric membrane (PEM), capable of transferring proton, sandwiched between anode and cathode. The role of PEM is to transfer the proton from anode to cathode within the MEA of PEMFCs 6,7 . The fluorinated and non‐fluorinated polymers such as poly(perfluoro sulfonic acid [PFSA]), 8–13 the Nafion (DuPont), 14–17 Aquivion® (Solvay), 18–21 Flemion™ (AGC Chemicals) 22–24 are widely used in PEMFCs as PEM material owing to their excellent proton conductivity, good oxidative stability, thermal stability and low pollution 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

Theerthagiri

Sumathy

Deivanayagam

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Sulfonated polyphenylene sulphide sulfone (sPPSS) loaded with titania-graphene (TiO 2 -GNS) was synthesized by the polycondensation method and studied their suitability towards proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. The structural, morphological, and physic-chemical properties of sPPSS nanocomposites containing varying amounts of (1%, 2%, 3%, and 5%) TiO 2 -GNS was investigated by Fourier transform infrared, H 1 -NMR, P-XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, Raman spectrum, swelling ratio (SR), water uptake, thermal analysis, oxidative stability (OS) and proton conductivity. Further, the obtained TiO 2 -GNS dispersed polymer membrane exhibits greatly reduced water absorption 4.44% and a less volume SR (15.6%). The 5 wt% TiO 2 -GNS dispersed sPPSS nanocomposites exhibited a PC value around 2.03 Â 10 À2 S/cm at 110 C. The sPPSS nanocomposites membrane confirmed admirable OS with a maximum degradation of 39.15% during immersed in the Fenton reagent for 6 h at 80 C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

Theerthagiri

Sumathy

Deivanayagam

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…So over the last few years, many alternative polymeric materials for PEM have been proposed which include sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], sulfonated polysulfone (sPSU) [ 12 , 13 ], sulfonated polyether sulfone (sPES) [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], polybenzimidazole (PBI) [ 17 , 18 , 19 ] and sulfonated polystyrene (sPS) [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In addition, many research groups have prepared composite PEMs using organic and inorganic fillers like TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , ZrP, BPO 4 , graphene oxide (GO), and SiO 2 to enhance the properties of proton exchange membranes [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. More recently, innovative nanomaterials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), and MXene also gained increasing attention as promising inorganic fillers [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite Membranes for PEM-FCs: Effect of LDH Introduction on the Physic-Chemical Performance of Various Polymer Matrices

2023

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This is a comparative study to clarify the effect of the introduction of layered double hydroxide (LDH) into various polymer matrices. One perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, i.e., Nafion, and two polyaromatic polymers such as sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and sulfonated polysulfone (sPSU), were used for the preparation of nanocomposite membranes at 3 wt.% of LDH loading. Thereafter, the PEMs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) for their microstructural and thermomechanical features, whereas water dynamics and proton conductivity were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG and T1) and EIS spectroscopies, respectively. Depending on the hosting matrix, the LDHs can simply provide additional hydrophilic sites or act as physical crosslinkers. In the latter case, an impressive enhancement of both dimensional stability and electrochemical performance was observed. While pristine sPSU exhibited the lowest proton conductivity, the sPSU/LDH nanocomposite was able to compete with Nafion, yielding a conductivity of 122 mS cm−1 at 120 °C and 90% RH with an activation energy of only 8.7 kJ mol−1. The outcome must be ascribed to the mutual and beneficial interaction of the LDH nanoplatelets with the functional groups of sPSU, therefore the choice of the appropriate filler is pivotal for the preparation of highly-performing composites.

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“…The mechanical properties of the NdC membranes were evaluated using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). This technique is sensitive and provides data on polymer bulk properties, thermal transitions, and other minor phase or structural changes [ 33 ]. DMA test was conducted on the stretching test model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nata de Cassava Type of Bacterial Cellulose Doped with Phosphoric Acid as a Proton Exchange Membrane

et al. 2022

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This work aims to encourage the use of natural materials for advanced energy applications, such as proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. Herein, a new conductive membrane produced from cassava liquid waste was used to overcome environmental pollution and the global crisis of energy. The membrane was phosphorylated through a microwave-assisted method with different phosphoric acid, (H3PO4) concentrations (10–60 mmol). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), swelling behavior test, and contact angle measurement were carried out on the membrane doped with different H3PO4 levels. The phosphorylated NdC (nata de cassava) membrane doped with 20 mmol (NdC20) H3PO4 was successfully modified and significantly achieved proton conductivity (maximum conductivity up to 7.9 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 80 °C). In addition, the fabricated MEA was assembled using an NdC20 membrane with 60 wt% Pt/C loading of 0.5 mg cm−2 for the anode and cathode. Results revealed that a high power density of 25 mW cm−2 was obtained at 40 °C operating temperature for a single-cell performance test. Thus, this membrane has the potential to be used as a proton exchange membrane because it is environment-friendly and inexpensive for fuel cell applications.

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Phosphorylated chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) based proton exchange membranes modified with propylammonium nitrate ionic liquid and silica filler for fuel cell applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

Nanocomposite Membranes for PEM-FCs: Effect of LDH Introduction on the Physic-Chemical Performance of Various Polymer Matrices

Nata de Cassava Type of Bacterial Cellulose Doped with Phosphoric Acid as a Proton Exchange Membrane

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Phosphorylated chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) based proton exchange membranes modified with propylammonium nitrate ionic liquid and silica filler for fuel cell applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

TiO2‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

TiO2‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

Nanocomposite Membranes for PEM-FCs: Effect of LDH Introduction on the Physic-Chemical Performance of Various Polymer Matrices

Nata de Cassava Type of Bacterial Cellulose Doped with Phosphoric Acid as a Proton Exchange Membrane

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TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs

TiO₂‐graphene dispersed sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide sulfone nanocomposites for medium temperaturePEMFCs