Phosphorylation of MAP Kinases crucially controls the response to environmental stress in Dunaliella viridis

Charneco, Guillermo Ortiz; Parages, María L.; Camarena-Gómez, Maria T.; Jiménez, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.08.030

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There are three main sub-pathways within the MAPKs, these ending in the MAPK ERK (extracellular signal regulated kinases), JNK (c-Jun N -terminal kinases), and p38 (cytokinin specific binding protein) [1,16,17]. While a full description of the mechanistic contribution of these MAPK pathways to tolerance machinery under environmental stress in photoautotrophs has not been elucidated, their presence and induction have been observed in both micro and macroalgae [18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement in the Regulation of Detoxification Mechanisms

Rodríguez-Rojas

Celis-Plá

Méndez

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Following the physiological complementary/parallel Celis-Plá et al., by inhibiting extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and cytokinin specific binding protein (p38), we assessed the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway in detoxification responses mediated by chronic copper (10 µM) in U. compressa. Parameters were taken at 6, 24, and 48 h, and 6 days (d). H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under copper and inhibition of ERK, JNK, or p38 alone increased but recovered by the sixth day. By blocking two or more MAPKs under copper, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation decayed even below controls. Inhibition of more than one MAPK (at 6 d) caused a decrease in total glutathione (reduced glutathione (GSH) + oxidised glutathione (GSSG)) and ascorbate (reduced ascorbate (ASC) + dehydroascorbate (DHA)), although in the latter it did not occur when the whole MAPK was blocked. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin (TRX) ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione synthase (GS), were downregulated when blocking more than one MAPK pathway. When one MAPK pathway was blocked under copper, a recovery and even enhancement of detoxification mechanisms was observed, likely due to crosstalk within the MAPKs and/or other signalling processes. In contrast, when more than one MAPK pathway were blocked under copper, impairment of detoxification defences occurred, demonstrating that MAPKs were key signalling mechanisms for detoxification in macroalgae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement in the Regulation of Detoxification Mechanisms

Rodríguez-Rojas

Celis-Plá

Méndez

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…sense changes in salinity. Recent studies on osmosensing in microalgae ( Suescún-Bolívar and Thomé, 2015 ; Charneco et al, 2018 ; He Q. et al, 2020 ) have implicated the possible involvement of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. The behavior of these genes in response to increases in salinity should thus be interesting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme

2020

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Glycerol, a compatible solute, has previously been found to act as an osmoprotectant in some marine Chlamydomonas species and several species of Dunaliella from hypersaline ponds. Recently, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella salina were shown to make glycerol with an unusual bidomain enzyme, which appears to be unique to algae, that contains a phosphoserine phosphatase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Here we report that two psychrophilic species of Chlamydomonas (C. spp. UWO241 and ICE-MDV) from Lake Bonney, Antarctica also produce high levels of glycerol to survive in the lake's saline waters. Glycerol concentration increased linearly with salinity and at 1.3 M NaCl, exceeded 400 mM in C. sp. UWO241, the more salt-tolerant strain. We also show that both species expressed several isoforms of the bidomain enzyme. An analysis of one of the isoforms of C. sp. UWO241 showed that it was strongly upregulated by NaCl and is thus the likely source of glycerol. These results reveal another adaptation of the Lake Bonney Chlamydomonas species that allow them to survive in an extreme polar environment.

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“…Negative controls were included, comprising seawater and ERKi, JNKi, or p38; there were no significant differences in photosynthetic activity between these treatments (see Supplementary Figures) nor in gene expression (see Supplementary Figure in Rodríguez-Rojas et al) [1]. The inhibitors were initially developed to target human ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, although they were subsequently used successfully in studies on invertebrates [49,50], vertebrates [51,52], plants [53,54,55], and algae [56,57]. Moreover, ERK, JNK, and p38 mammalian-like MAPKs were identified in macroalgae species, including the ulvophytes Ulva rigida and Chaetomorpha aerea [58,59].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Influence on Metal Exclusion/Extrusion Mechanisms and Photosynthesis

Celis-Plá

Rodríguez-Rojas

Méndez

et al. 2019

IJMS

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There is currently no information regarding the role that whole mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play in counteracting environmental stress in photosynthetic organisms. To address this gap, we exposed Ulva compressa to chronic levels of copper (10 µM) specific inhibitors of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal Kinases (JNK), and Cytokinin Specific Binding Protein (p38) MAPKs alone or in combination. Intracellular copper accumulation and photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were measured after 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 6 days of exposure. By day 6, when one (except JNK) or more of the MAPK pathways were inhibited under copper stress, there was a decrease in copper accumulation compared with algae exposed to copper alone. When at least two MAPKs were blocked, there was a decrease in photosynthetic activity expressed in lower productivity (ETRmax), efficiency (αETR), and saturation of irradiance (EkETR), accompanied by higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQmax), compared to both the control and copper-only treatments. In terms of accumulation, once the MAPK pathways were partially or completely blocked under copper, there was crosstalk between these and other signaling mechanisms to enhance metal extrusion/exclusion from cells. Crosstalk occurred among MAPK pathways to maintain photosynthesis homeostasis, demonstrating the importance of the signaling pathways for physiological performance. This study is complemented by a parallel/complementary article Rodríguez-Rojas et al. on the role of MAPKs in copper-detoxification.

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Phosphorylation of MAP Kinases crucially controls the response to environmental stress in Dunaliella viridis

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement in the Regulation of Detoxification Mechanisms

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement in the Regulation of Detoxification Mechanisms

Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme

MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Influence on Metal Exclusion/Extrusion Mechanisms and Photosynthesis

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