Phosphorylation of phosducin‐like protein BDM‐1 by protein kinase 2 (CK2) is required for virulence and Gβ subunit stability in the fungal plant pathogen <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i>

Salamon, Joanna; Acuña, Rachel; Dawe, Angus L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07053.x

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Similar results were obtained in Cryphonectria parasitica, a pathogenic fungus that is the main cause of chestnut blight, where Gb stability was found to be dependent on the presence of beta disruption mimic factor-1 (a PhLP1 homolog) and its phosphorylation by CK2 (Salamon et al, 2010). Another study confirmed the finding that Gb interacts with the CCT complex in the absence of Gg, and that Gg competed with CCT for binding to Gb (Wells et al, 2006).…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

The Expanding Roles of GβγSubunits in G Protein–Coupled Receptor Signaling and Drug Action

et al. 2013

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supporting

confidence: 75%

The Expanding Roles of GβγSubunits in G Protein–Coupled Receptor Signaling and Drug Action

et al. 2013

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“…A number of other virulence factors have been identified in C. parasitica using specific gene mutations. These factors include G‐protein signalling (Gao and Nuss, ), a kexin‐like protease involved in protein secretion (Jacob‐Wilk et al ., ), an Ste12 transcription factor homologue (Deng et al ., ), a tannic acid‐inducible laccase (Chung et al ., ), a cyclophilin (Chen et al ., ), protein kinase 2 (CK2)‐mediated signalling (Salamon et al ., ) and an inhibitor (CpBir1) of apoptosis proteins (Gao et al ., ). The availability of the genome sequence of C. parasitica (http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Crypa2/Crypa2.home.html) will probably benefit research on the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis.…”

Section: Infection Process and Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight: invasion history, population biology and disease control

Rigling

Prospero

2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

369

295

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Summary Chestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, is a devastating disease infecting American and European chestnut trees. The pathogen is native to East Asia and was spread to other continents via infected chestnut plants. This review summarizes the current state of research on this pathogen with a special emphasis on its interaction with a hyperparasitic mycovirus that acts as a biological control agent of chestnut blight. Taxonomy Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr. is a Sordariomycete (ascomycete) fungus in the family Cryphonectriaceae (Order Diaporthales). Closely related species that can also be found on chestnut include Cryphonectria radicalis, Cryphonectria naterciae and Cryphonectria japonica. Host range Major hosts are species in the genus Castanea (Family Fagaceae), particularly the American chestnut (C. dentata), the European chestnut (C. sativa), the Chinese chestnut (C. mollissima) and the Japanese chestnut (C. crenata). Minor incidental hosts include oaks (Quercus spp.), maples (Acer spp.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and American chinkapin (Castanea pumila). Disease symptoms Cryphonectria parasitica causes perennial necrotic lesions (so‐called cankers) on the bark of stems and branches of susceptible host trees, eventually leading to wilting of the plant part distal to the infection. Chestnut blight cankers are characterized by the presence of mycelial fans and fruiting bodies of the pathogen. Below the canker the tree may react by producing epicormic shoots. Non‐lethal, superficial or callusing cankers on susceptible host trees are usually associated with mycovirus‐induced hypovirulence. Disease control After the introduction of C. parasitica into a new area, eradication efforts by cutting and burning the infected plants/trees have mostly failed. In Europe, the mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV‐1) acts as a successful biological control agent of chestnut blight by causing so‐called hypovirulence. CHV‐1 infects C. parasitica and reduces its parasitic growth and sporulation capacity. Individual cankers can be therapeutically treated with hypovirus‐infected C. parasitica strains. The hypovirus may subsequently spread to untreated cankers and become established in the C. parasitica population. Hypovirulence is present in many chestnut‐growing regions of Europe, either resulting naturally or after biological control treatments. In North America, disease management of chestnut blight is mainly focused on breeding with the goal to backcross the Chinese chestnut's blight resistance into the American chestnut genome.

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“…On the other hand, casein kinase II (CK2) activity mediates signal responsible for virulence in a fungal plant pathogen, Cryphonectria parasitica in which the elimination of CK2 phosphorylation site lead to a lack of virulence (Salamon et al, 2010). Apart from that, glycosylation regulates how proteins fold, their biological activity as well as their half-life (Kotz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Avirulence Genes in Magnaporthe oryzae

Jee¹,

Lim²,

Dirum³

et al. 2017

BJRST

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Magnaporthe oryzae is a fungal pathogen contributing to rice blast diseases globally via their Avr (avirulence) gene. Although the occurrence of M. oryzae has been reported in Sarawak since several decades ago, however, none has focused specifically on Avr genes, which confer resistance against pathogen associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in host. The objective of this study is to isolate Avr genes from M. oryzae 7’ (a Sarawak isolate) that may contribute to susceptibility of rice towards diseases. In this study, AvrPiz-t, AVR-Pik, Avr-Pi54, and AVR-Pita1 genes were isolated via PCR and cloning approaches. The genes were then compared with set of similar genes from related isolates derived from NCBI. Results revealed that all eight Avr genes (including four other global isolates) shared similar N-myristoylation site and a novel motif. 3D modeling revealed similar β-sandwich structure in AvrPiz-t and AVR-Pik despite sequence dissimilarities. In conclusion, it is confirmed of the presence of these genes in the Sarawak (M. oryzae) isolate. This study implies that Sarawak isolate may confer similar avirulence properties as their counterparts worldwide. Further R/Avr gene-for-gene relationship studies may aid in strategic control of rice blast diseases in future.

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Phosphorylation of phosducin‐like protein BDM‐1 by protein kinase 2 (CK2) is required for virulence and Gβ subunit stability in the fungal plant pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

The Expanding Roles of GβγSubunits in G Protein–Coupled Receptor Signaling and Drug Action

The Expanding Roles of GβγSubunits in G Protein–Coupled Receptor Signaling and Drug Action

Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight: invasion history, population biology and disease control

Isolation and Characterization of Avirulence Genes in Magnaporthe oryzae

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