Phosphorylation of Shrimp Tcf by a Viral Protein Kinase WSV083 Suppresses Its Antiviral Effect

Wang, Chuanqi; Ruan, Lingwei; Shi, Hong; Lin, Wen‐Yang; Liu, Linmin; Li, Sujie

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.698697

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…WSV083, as a serine/threonine-protein kinase, inhibited cell adhesion by attenuating the phosphorylation of the shrimp Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) [ 16 ]. A recent study reported that WSV083 could also bind and phosphorylate shrimp T -cell factor (Tcf), which led to Tcf degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and consequently inhibited the Tcf-mediated antiviral effect [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics analysis reveals a critical role for the WSSV immediate-early protein IE1 in modulating the host prophenoloxidase system

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

Virulence

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a large, enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that threatens shrimp aquaculture worldwide. So far, the mechanisms of WSSV-host interactions are ill-defined. Recent studies have revealed that IE1, an immediate-early protein of WSSV, is a multifunctional modulator implicated in virus–host interactions. In this study, the functions of IE1 were further explored by identifying its interacting proteins using GST-pull down and mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 361 host proteins that potentially bind to IE1 were identified. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the identified IE1-interactors wereinvolved in various signaling pathways such as prophenoloxidase (proPO) system, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK. Among these, the regulatory role of IE1 in shrimp proPO system was further studied. The Co-immunoprecipitation results confirmed that IE1 interacted with the Ig-like domain of Penaeus vannamei proPO or proPO-like protein (hemocyanin). Additionally, we found that knockdown of IE1 reduced viral genes expression and viral loads and increased the hemocytes’ PO activity, whereas recombinant IE1 protein inhibited the PO activity in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that WSSV could suppress the hemocytes’ PO activity at the early infection stage. Collectively, our current data indicate that IE1 is a novel viral regulator that negatively modulates the shrimp proPO system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics analysis reveals a critical role for the WSSV immediate-early protein IE1 in modulating the host prophenoloxidase system

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

Virulence

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“…During WSSV infection in L. vannamei hemocytes , the transcription levels of Lv TCF were increased. However, WSSV produced WSV083 to promote the degradation of Lv TCF via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, which suppressed transcription levels of Lv Vago1 46 . Furthermore, Lv IRF, an interferon regulatory factor, regulates the transcription levels of Lv Vago4 and Lv Vago5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White spot syndrome virus impact on the expression of immune genes and gut microbiome of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon

Jatuyosporn

Laohawutthichai

Romo

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The gut microbiome plays an essential role in the immune system of invertebrates and vertebrates. Pre and pro-biotics could enhance the shrimp immune system by increasing the phenoloxidase (PO), prophenoloxidase (ProPO), and superoxide dismutase activities. During viral infection, the host immune system alteration could influence the gut microbiome composition and probably lead to other pathogenic infections. Since the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, we investigated the intestine immune genes of STAT-silenced shrimp. During WSSV infection, expression levels of PmVago1, PmDoral, and PmSpätzle in PmSTAT-silenced shrimp were higher than normal. In addition, the transcription levels of antimicrobial peptides, including crustinPm1, crustinPm7, and PmPEN3, were higher in WSSV-challenged PmSTAT-silenced shrimp than the WSSV-infected normal shrimp. Meanwhile, PmSTAT silencing suppressed PmProPO1, PmProPO2, and PmPPAE1 expressions during WSSV infection. The microbiota from four shrimp tested groups (control group, WSSV-infected, PmSTAT-silenced, and PmSTAT-silenced infected by WSSV) was significantly different, with decreasing richness and diversity due to WSSV infection. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes was reduced in WSSV-challenged shrimp. However, at the species level, P. damselae, a pathogen to human and marine animals, significantly increased in WSSV-challenged shrimp. In constrast, Shewanella algae, a shrimp probiotic, was decreased in WSSV groups. In addition, the microbiota structure between control and PmSTAT-silenced shrimp was significantly different, suggesting the importance of STAT to maintain the homeostasis interaction with the microbiota.

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Dephosphorylation of T517 on Hemocyanin Is Required for Antibacterial Activity in Penaeus vannamei

Feng

Aweya

Huang

et al. 2023

The Journal of Immunology

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Posttranslational modifications expand the functions of immune-related proteins, especially during infections. The respiratory glycoprotein, hemocyanin, has been implicated in many other functions, but the role of phosphorylation modification in its functional diversity is not fully understood. In this study, we show that Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin (PvHMC) undergoes phosphorylation modification during bacterial infection. Dephosphorylation of PvHMC mediated by P. vannamei protein phosphatase 2A catalytic increases its in vitro antibacterial activity, whereas phosphorylation by P. vannamei casein kinase 2 catalytic subunit α decreases its oxygen-carrying capacity and attenuates its in vitro antibacterial activity. Mechanistically, we show that Thr517 is a critical phosphorylation modification site on PvHMC to modulate its functions, which when mutated attenuates the action of P. vannamei casein kinase 2 catalytic subunit α and P. vannamei protein phosphatase 2A catalytic, and hence abolishes the antibacterial activity of PvHMC. Our results reveal that phosphorylation of PvHMC modulates its antimicrobial functions in penaeid shrimp.

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Phosphorylation of Shrimp Tcf by a Viral Protein Kinase WSV083 Suppresses Its Antiviral Effect

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Proteomics analysis reveals a critical role for the WSSV immediate-early protein IE1 in modulating the host prophenoloxidase system

Proteomics analysis reveals a critical role for the WSSV immediate-early protein IE1 in modulating the host prophenoloxidase system

White spot syndrome virus impact on the expression of immune genes and gut microbiome of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon

Dephosphorylation of T517 on Hemocyanin Is Required for Antibacterial Activity in Penaeus vannamei

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