Phosphotungstic Acid/Semi-Coke Catalysts for Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel

Wang, Liang; Li, Chun Hu; Hou, Ying

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1683

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, the majority of the oxidative studies have been conducted on model fuel where only selected sulfur compounds, mostly polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles, such as BTs and DBTs, have been used. − Some studies investigated the effect of ODS on real fuel samples using relatively simple analytical tools, such as total sulfur, , which is then used to infer the sulfur compound reactivities. Others used gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (FID), sulfur selective detection, such as pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD) and sulfur chemiluminescence detector (SCD), , or low-resolution mass spectrometric detection ,, to determine the process performance by monitoring reference sulfur compounds. Even though two-dimensional gas chromatography (2DGC) has been proven a valuable tool for characterizing middle distillates, its application for ODS studies has been limited to kerosene cuts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Desulfurization Process Monitoring Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2015

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Clean fuel legislation throughout the world is driving the demand for ultralow-sulfur (<10 ppm) diesel (ULSD) fuel. Even though hydrodesulfurization remains the preferred technology to produce ULSD, the high associated costs lead to an increased interest in alternative processes, such as oxidative desulfurization (ODS). Monitoring the reacting species throughout the process is helpful for developing and/or optimizing ODS processes, although this has been difficult in real samples (complex mixtures). In this study, a hydrotreated diesel was subjected to a three-step ODS process (involving oxidation, extraction, and polishing) and thoroughly characterized using two-dimensional gas chromatography (2DGC) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The obtained detailed speciation before and after each process step allows for monitoring the conversion of all sulfur species and assessing the process selectivity. The detailed analyses revealed that sulfur species from all families are converted to the corresponding sulfones. Therefore, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and benzonaphthothiophene sulfones represent 90% of the total sulfur after the oxidation step. The comprehensive characterization revealed that, unlike the conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process, the studied ODS process is selective for the oxidation and removal of HDS refractory sulfur species, such as dibenzothiophene and its alkyl derivatives, and less selective toward conventionally reactive sulfur species, such as thiophenes or benzothiophenes. Therefore, ODS may be used as a complementary method to HDS to achieve ultralow sulfur levels. Hydrocarbon conversion was also investigated, and this molecular class seems largely unaffected by the studied process. Nitrogen compounds are removed after the first process step through oxidation and/or extraction.

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