“…The first applications of Sb 2 S 3 involved forming a heterojunction with other materials such as NiO, , TiO 2 , − BiVO 4 , WO 3 , − ZnO, , Fe 2 O 3 , CuInS 2 , and Sb 2 O 3 . , In these cases, Sb 2 S 3 mostly functions to increase the photoanode light absorption edge and introduce a visible light response due to the high band gap of photoanode materials such as TiO 2 and WO 3 . The first application of Sb 2 S 3 as a standalone photoanode material was reported by DeAngelis et al where a photocurrent of 0.6 mA cm –2 was achieved at 1 V RHE without any additional overlayers .…”