Photo-Fenton Degradation of RB5 Dye in Aqueous Solution Using Fe Supported on Mexican Natural Zeolite

Abstract

A Mexican natural zeolite (MNZ) was impregnated with Fe at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg FeCl3/g MNZ (MNZ/Fe) in order to study the photo-Fenton degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye. Two samples were prepared and calcined at 550 and 700°C for each concentration. These samples were also characterized by the following techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine crystalline phases of mineral, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to observe the elemental composition of the material where the main element was Fe as Fe2p, Mössbauer to establish the phases in the material which were magnetite (Fe3O4), fayalite, and chlorite, Raman to corroborate that magnetite clusters in natural material were presented, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by which magnetite nanoparticles were observe on zeolite surface. Afterwards, the catalytic degradation of RB5 dye was performed by photo-Fenton process using a 2.2 W lamp as a radiation source. Four initial concentrations of RB5 dye ((RB5)0) were evaluated which ranged from 40 to 100 mg/L. Then, the evaluation reaction was carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy to know the change in RB5 concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal to determine the organic carbon. The best results on the photo-Fenton degradation was 91% discoloration and 68.5% chemical oxygen demand removal based on an initial concentration RB50=100 mg/L and 10 mg MNZ/Fe (700°C of calcined temperature) at MNZ/Fe=0.05 g/L catalyst dose in aqueous solution, H2O2=3 g/L, pH=2.5, and 180 minutes of reaction time. Subsequently, variations on (RB5)0, pH, (H2O2), and (MNZ/Fe) were assessed in order to optimize the process by keeping 10 MNZ/Fe. The optimal RB5 dye degradation was achieved at RB50=100 mg/L in the presence of MNZ/Fe=0.2 g/L, H2O2=3 g/L and pH=2.5 where the highest discoloration and chemical oxygen demand removal were 93 and 70.5 at 180 min. Finally, the kinetic reaction was evaluated as a pseudo-first-order kinetics with an apparent rate constant (kapp) of 0.0225 min-1 at latest conditions.

Copper(II)-Doped Carbon Dots as Catalyst for Ozone Degradation of Textile Dyes

“…The presence of Cu-CD provoked the following increases in the apparent first-order rate constant: MO, 429% in the constant rate ( k ap c = 1.184 ± 0.003 min −1 ); O-II, 653% in the constant rate ( k ap c = 1.002 ± 0.036 min −1 ); RB-5, 301% in the constant rate ( k ap c = 0.709 ± 0.029 min −1 ); RBB-R, 167% in the constant rate ( k ap c = 0.230 ± 0.004 min −1 ). These discoloration rate values are much higher than the majority of results reported in the literature for the same dyes using other AOPs [ 39 , 41 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

“…A zeolite (MNZ) was impregnated with different amounts of Fe in order to study the photo-Fenton degradation of RB5, and the k ap c changed from 0.0005 to 0.0447 min −1 [ 54 ]. A TiO 2 –zeolite nanocomposite designed for the photocatalysis of RB-5 resulted in the complete degradation of the dye in 95 min ( k ap c = 0.0102 min −1 ) [ 55 ].…”

Preparation of Heterogeneous Fenton-Type Nano Catalysts and Their Application to Methylene Blue Degradation

“…In the case of the Fe-ZnO catalyst, the conversion was decreased to 84.8% at pH 7, whereas it increased to 90.2% and 97.9% conversion at pH 5 and pH 3, respectively. It could be explained that in acidic environment , iron nanoparticles are more easily oxidized to iron ions, which play an important role in the Fenton-type heterogenous catalysis 17 . Likewise, in the case of other samples, the MB conversion decreased to 89.2% and 78.9% at pH 7, as was the case with Fe-C and Fe-Bent catalysts, respectively.…”

Adsorption and Photodegradation of Lanasol Yellow 4G in Aqueous Solution by Natural Zeolite Treated by CO2-Laser Radiation

“…Based on prior studies, it has been established that calcination treatment is the most effective method for modifying the properties of natural zeolite. According to the literature data, a temperature of 550 • C is defined as the optimal temperature for annealing natural zeolites [30,45,61]. Considering these findings, the XRD characteristics of Z ini and ZL 550 15 samples are further explored.…”