Photo-mineralization of noxious o-toluidine water pollutant by nano-ZnO: The role of the oxide surface texture on the kinetic path

Hazardous o-toluidine mineralization by photocatalytic bismuth doped ZnO slurries

“…Thus, on the basis of the identified byproducts, different photodegradation pathways are proposed in the following scheme ( Figure 3). Apart from the two paths (pathways 1,2, Figure 3) already described in the recent literature 10,25 for commercial zinc oxide, in the case of Bi doped samples a further reaction mechanism (pathway 3, Figure 3) could be proposed to corroborate the best mineralization performances (see Figure 1). In this case (pathway 3) o-toluidine can be oxidized to NO 2 -tol and successively the elimination of NO 2 group occurs; then a ring opening step yields to complete mineralization.…”

“…Recently, along with their traditional application fields (e.g. coatings, cosmetics), ZnO nanopowders have been used as photocatalysts (second only to TiO 2 ) for environmental remediation both in aqueous and gas phases [8][9][10][11] . Furthermore, some pioneering papers demonstrate the possibility to couple ZnO with TiO 2 12,13 .…”

“…coatings and cosmetics), ZnO nanopowders have been used as photocatalysts (next to TiO 2 ) for environmental remediation both in aqueous and gas phases. [8][9][10][11] Furthermore, some pioneering papers demonstrate the possibility of coupling ZnO with TiO 2 . 12,13 The best performances for nanosized ZnO can be reached either by modifying the strategy of synthesis 14 or by doping the material with different species, including transition metals (Mn and Cu) but also rare earth elements (La and Er).…”

“…Previous studies describe the removal of o-toluidine particularly in the gas phase, as reported for example by An et al, 25 using films of TiO 2 under UV irradiation. Only a single study could be found in the literature about the removal of o-toluidine in the liquid phase by zinc oxide nanopowders, 10 but to the best of our knowledge no investigations regarding the improvement obtained by the addition of bismuth or other dopants are present.…”

Study of plasma-induced graft polymerization of stearyl methacrylate on cotton fabric substrates

“…3 shows FTIR-ATR spectra of pristine cotton and SMA grafted cotton fabrics by Helium plasma with mass concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% for 180 s, respectively. All spectra of the cotton fabrics are characterized by an intense and broad band in the 3600-3100 cm −1 range associated with hydroxyl groups, and a peak at 1054-1029 cm −1 is also indicative of the presence of C-O bands in the surface of cotton fabrics [19,20]. The peaks at 2920-2852 cm −1 and 1429 cm −1 are associated with stretching vibration and bending vibration of methylene ( CH 2 ), which originates from the molecule chain of SMA.…”