Photo-physicochemical properties and in vitro photodynamic therapy activity of morpholine-substituted Zinc(II)-Phthalocyanines π-π stacked on biotinylated graphene quantum dots

Symmetrically Substituted Zn and Al Phthalocyanines and Polymers for Photodynamic Therapy Application

“…The dark toxicity of the photosensitizers was determined in 1% DMSO which was used as the stock diluent. DMSO (1%) used had an negligible effect on the cells seen on this work and has also been reported ( Managa et al, 2019 ; Nene et al, 2019 ).…”

Synthesis of graphene quantum dots and their applications in drug delivery

“…In recent years, the applications of GQDs in drug delivery [123][124][125][126][127], sensors [128][129][130][131][132][133][134], bio-imaging [10,63,[135][136][137][138][139][140], magnetic hyperthermia [141][142][143], photothermal therapy [144][145][146][147][148], antibacterial [145,149,150], catalyst [69,[151][152][153][154][155], environmental protection [38,156,157], and energy [158][159][160][161][162][163] has made remarkable accomplishment. In order to better apply GQDs to drug delivery, some researchers had used density functional theory (DFT) calculations [164]…”

Photophysical properties of a newly synthesized unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanine

“…Hexylthio group was chosen for the electron donor property of the sulfur atom and its effect on the electronic properties of Pcs was investigated. In addition, morpholine groups also improve the biological properties of Pcs (18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Therefore, in the study the effect of the combination of morpholine group with hexylthio groups, which shifts the Q band absorption to the red, on the photophysical properties of phthalocyanine was also investigated.…”

“…Recently, zinc phthalocyanines conjugated with biotinylated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been synthesized by Nyokong et al, and their photophysicochemical properties, and in vitro photodynamic activities have been studied. It was reported that cationic ZnPc conjugated with the biotin functionalized GQDs exhibited a relatively better performance (19). In another study published in 2019, tetra-substituted Pcs and their cationic derivatives with morpholine groups at the peripheral and non-peripheral positions were synthesized, and their photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy activities were examined, and it was determined that cationic Pcs showed better photodynamic antimicrobial activity (20).…”