“…Results for total carbon analysis, transmission near-IR spectroscopy, ESCA, and FTIR-PAS are compared in Table I for various ODS coverages on silica (Partisil 10). The surface characterization of silica substrates has been attempted previously with ESCA (22,23) or PAS (24,25). To our knowledge these techniques have not been compared to each other, or to more conventional bulk analyses, for the quantification or surface silanol and bonded phase coverages.…”