PHOTOACOUSTIC STUDIES ON <font>TiAlN</font> NANOSTRUCTURED THIN FILMS

Srinivasan, R.; Irudayaraj, A. Albert; Kuppusami, P.; Mohandas, E.; Kalainathan, S.; Ramachandran, K.

doi:10.1142/s0217979207037806

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…7 W m 21 K 21 as the nitrogen flow rate is increased from 0 to 30 sccm. 32 The observed increase in the thermal conductivity with increasing nitrogen flow rates could be due to the decrease in the grain size at higher nitrogen flow rates. This has been attributed to the increased mean free path resulting in lower phonon scattering.…”

Section: Resistivity and Hardness Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of nitrogen flow rate on growth of TiAlN films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

Irudayaraj¹,

Kuppusami²,

Thirumurugesan³

et al. 2007

Surface Engineering

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Thin films of TiAlN were deposited on (111) oriented silicon single crystal substrates from a composite Ti-Al target by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at 773 K under various N 2 flow rates. Substantial influence of N 2 flow rate on the rate of deposition, grain size, crystallinity, composition, hardness and resistivity was observed. While the deposition rate, grain size and the ratio of concentration of Ti to Al of the deposited TiAlN films decreased with increasing N 2 flow rate, the resistivity of the films increased with increasing N 2 flow rate.

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Section: Resistivity and Hardness Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of nitrogen flow rate on growth of TiAlN films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

Irudayaraj¹,

Kuppusami²,

Thirumurugesan³

et al. 2007

Surface Engineering

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“…In some specific high-speed tool applications, a lower thermal diffusivity of the coatings is advisable, which serves as a thermal barrier layer and can effectively delay the temperature transfer to the tool substrate materials. Srinivasan et al [13] have studied the thermal properties of Ti–Al–N thin films deposited on a silicon substrate with various N 2 flow rates by using the photoacoustic technique. They observed a decrease in thermal diffusivity and conductivity with decreasing N 2 flow rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen content on the thermal diffusivity of TiN films prepared by magnetron sputtering

et al. 2019

Surface Engineering

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TiN films with various nitrogen content were deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering system and the influence of TiN film's microstructure on thermal diffusivity was investigated. The results showed that the titanium nitride film with 40.6-64.0at.% N exhibited a single face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. The density of states calculations of TiNx showed that excess N atoms in TiN matrix weaken the Ti-N bonds. The thermal diffusivity of TiN thin films decreased gradually and reached a stable range with an increase of N content. The minimum thermal diffusivity value was 2.291×10 −6 m 2 /s at 60.2at.% N. This reduction of thermal diffusivity could be attribute to the films' microstructure, including the increased grain boundaries due to the decrease of grain size, the change of preferential orientation and the increased lattice distortion.

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“…Increase in K 1 is understandable according to the physics of materials, where increase in density can increase in thermal conductivity. 24 Similarly for a fluid with a greater density, its thermal conductivity could be higher as compared to a lower density fluid. It was confirmed from the microscopic images that the cell has shrunk during eryptosis, which increases the density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic quantitative photothermal monitoring of cell death of individual human red blood cells upon glucose depletion

et al. 2010

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Red blood cells (RBCs) have been found to undergo "programmed cell death," or eryptosis, and understanding this process can provide more information about apoptosis of nucleated cells. Photothermal (PT) response, a label-free photothermal noninvasive technique, is proposed as a tool to monitor the cell death process of living human RBCs upon glucose depletion. Since the physiological status of the dying cells is highly sensitive to photothermal parameters (e.g., thermal diffusivity, absorption, etc.), we applied linear PT response to continuously monitor the death mechanism of RBC when depleted of glucose. The kinetics of the assay where the cell's PT response transforms from linear to nonlinear regime is reported. In addition, quantitative monitoring was performed by extracting the relevant photothermal parameters from the PT response. Twofold increases in thermal diffusivity and size reduction were found in the linear PT response during cell death. Our results reveal that photothermal parameters change earlier than phosphatidylserine externalization (used for fluorescent studies), allowing us to detect the initial stage of eryptosis in a quantitative manner. Hence, the proposed tool, in addition to detection of eryptosis earlier than fluorescence, could also reveal physiological status of the cells through quantitative photothermal parameter extraction.

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PHOTOACOUSTIC STUDIES ON TiAlN NANOSTRUCTURED THIN FILMS

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of nitrogen flow rate on growth of TiAlN films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

Influence of nitrogen flow rate on growth of TiAlN films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

Influence of nitrogen content on the thermal diffusivity of TiN films prepared by magnetron sputtering

Dynamic quantitative photothermal monitoring of cell death of individual human red blood cells upon glucose depletion

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