Photoallergy to Naproxen

Pérez‐Ezquerra, Patricia Rojas; Torrado-Español, Ines; Tejero-Alcalde, Melina; Cuevas-Bravo, Cristina; Noguerado-Mellado, Blanca

doi:10.7759/cureus.18961

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…There is extensive literature that explores the chemical and biological basis of druginduced photosensitivity [72,[74][75][76][77][78] but not much in the case of cosmetics. In this context, a recent examination by Hofmann et al [69] identified a total of 393 distinct drugs or drug compounds reported as photosensitizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Strategies for Photoallergy Assessment: Breaking Free from Animal Models in Cosmetic Ingredient Development

Maddaleno,

Vinardell,

Mitjans

2024

Cosmetics

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Photoallergy, a unique form of skin sensitization induced by specific compounds under ultraviolet irradiation, has traditionally been investigated using animals. However, the prohibition of animal testing for the assessment of cosmetic ingredients in Europe and other countries underscores the necessity for in vitro or in silico alternative methods. Currently, there are no validated methods for assessing photoallergy or photosensitization, presenting a significant challenge in the development of new cosmetic ingredients. This review examines the landscape of alternative methods for detecting photosensitization, emphasizing recent publications, and considering the underlying principles of the different proposed assays.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Strategies for Photoallergy Assessment: Breaking Free from Animal Models in Cosmetic Ingredient Development

Maddaleno,

Vinardell,

Mitjans

2024

Cosmetics

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Photodistributed Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and proposal for a new diagnostic classification

2023

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Background Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is commonly reported as a risk factor for Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, minimal evaluation of photo-induced SJS/TEN has been conducted. Thus, this review identifies all cases of SJS/TEN that are linked to an acute exposure of UVR and outlines the unifying characteristics of these cases. Furthermore, the theoretical pathogenesis, differential diagnoses, and proposed diagnostic criteria are defined. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases and websites were searched from inception to September 2021 to identify studies that met inclusion criteria. The following keywords were utilized: “Stevens-Johnson syndrome” and “toxic epidermal necrolysis” with “ultraviolet,” “photodistributed,” “photo-induced,” “photosensitivity,” and “photo.” One reviewer assessed study characteristics, with confirmation by a second. The risk of bias was assessed independently by another. Results Thirteen patient cases were identified, all reporting ultraviolet radiation prior to rash onset and an underlying causal drug. Case classifications included 7/13 SJS and 6/13 TEN. All cases described the rash as photodistributed with UVR exposure prior to rash onset (delay of 1–3 days) and a causal drug. 10 cases provided evidence that the photodistributed rash lacked linear demarcation (as in a sunburn) with satellite target-like lesions. No cases described a flu-like prodrome. Discussion Mucositis, palmar and plantar rash, a positive Nikolsky sign, and a prolonged disease course can help distinguish from photosensitive reactions, while a negative direct immunofluorescence test is important to distinguish from other photo-induced disorders. Conclusion Physicians should be aware that UVR may precipitate SJS/TEN in patients taking susceptible drugs. After a 24-h delay from UVR exposure, a non-distinct, photodistributed rash appears with no flu-like prodrome and progresses for at least 48 h to include vesiculobullous eruptions and mucous membrane involvement. Photodistributed SJS/TEN appears to be photo-drug-induced with a unique onset and rash presentation that should be recognized as a distinct diagnosis.

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Photoallergy to Naproxen

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Innovative Strategies for Photoallergy Assessment: Breaking Free from Animal Models in Cosmetic Ingredient Development

Innovative Strategies for Photoallergy Assessment: Breaking Free from Animal Models in Cosmetic Ingredient Development

Photodistributed Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and proposal for a new diagnostic classification

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