Photobiological effects of UVA and UVB light in zebrafish embryos: Evidence for a competent photorepair system

Dong, Qiaoxiang; Svoboda, Kurt R.; Tiersch, Terrence R.; Monroe, W. Todd

doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.07.002

Cited by 110 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although the direct effects of exposure to UV radiation are likely minimal within the context of all the other environmental factors that cause very high levels of egg and larval mortality in marine organisms, studies have shown that UV-induced egg mortality could be as high as 32.5% for the planktonic copepod Calanus finmarchicus and considerably less (1.2%) for the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the waters of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada (Browman et al, 2000). Other direct effects of UV exposure on fish eggs or larvae include malformation (Dong et al, 2007), retarded growth (Jokinen et al, 2008), lesion of skin, eyes, and brain (Blazer et al, 1997;McFadzen et al, 2000), and weakened immune system (Markkula et al, 2005, 2006). These pernicious effects may be higher for fish larvae that are often present in surface waters since UV-B (λ = 280-320 nm) exposure induces DNA damage in a variety of fish larvae such as Atlantic cod, northern anchovy Englausis mordax, icefish Cephalus aceratus and Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes (see Fukunishi et al, 2012 for references).…”

Section: Importance Of Light Radiation For Carotenoid Production and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

2017

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The colorful carotenoid pigments are known as biological active compounds that have beneficial effects on the metabolism of animals and humans. Carotenoids provide protection against several stressors, including UV radiation, reactive oxygen species and free radicals, have important roles in vision, and act as precursors of transcription regulators and in the immune system. Studies on human nutrition point to the relevance of consuming functional foods instead of supplementing the human diet with the desired nutrients. This stresses the importance of obtaining dietary items with high quality nutritional value for human consumption. The various biological roles of carotenoids in aquatic animals ascribes them a major role in aquaculture where they are routinely added to ensure the development and health of fish such as salmon, trout and red porgy, and of shellfish like shrimp and lobster. In aquaculture, it is widely recognized that fish larvae dramatically increase their survival rate when reared on live feeds (e.g., rotifers, Artemia sp. and copepods) containing carotenoids. Ultimately, pigmentation provided by carotenoids is one of the relevant quality attributes of the aquatic animal for consumer acceptability and market value. Appropriate feeds for aquaculture are thus required to provide the carotenoids necessary for the desired pigmentation. In this review, we discuss the role of carotenoids in aquatic food webs, both in the wild and in aquaculture, and its relevance for human health.

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Section: Importance Of Light Radiation For Carotenoid Production and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

2017

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“…Solar ultraviolet radiation is a part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sun. It is arbitrarily divided into 3 categories according to wavelengths: UVA (400-320 nm), UVB (320-290 nm) and UVC (290-200 nm) (Dong et al, 2007;WHO., 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UVC Radiation on the Thickness of Glomerular Basement Membrane in Mole Rats

Türker¹

2015

Asian J. of Animal and Veterinary Advances

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In general, the Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) is the main part of the Glomerular Filtration Barrier (GBF) in living organisms which border the urinary space and capillary lumen. It is thought that, the GBF comprises the endothelium, the basement membrane and the foot processes of podocytes. In this study, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) C radiation on the thickness of GBM in mole rats (Spalax leucodon) kidneys were examined by transmission electron microscope. Thirteen adult mole rats of both sexes, weighing 180-200 g were used in this study. The mole rats were divided into four groups. Group I was separated as the control and did not take any radiation. The other groups were irradiated by artificially produced UVC radiation for 14, 28 and 60 days. After the euthanasia, the kidney samples were taken, dissected out and fixed. Then the specimens were examined on transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the thickening of the GBM was evident at 14 days after UVC radiation exposure and the thickness of GBM increased more than twice of control value at 28 days. But after 60 days of radiation exposure, the thickening decreased slightly. The results showed that UVC radiation caused the thickness of GBM in mole rats according to radiation dose and exposure times.

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“…Further, photolyase repair was also observed by Malloy et al (1997) in icefish eggs and larvae, Dong et al (2007) in zebrafish larvae, Meador et al (2000) in platyfish, Applegate and Ley in minnow (1988), and is likely to be the cause of diel cycles of CPDs in anchovy larvae reported by Vetter et al (1999). The relatively low efficiency of the CPD repair pathways observed in three different species of reef fish from a UVR rich environment at an early life history stage, e.g.…”

Section: Experiments 2: Low Dose Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…ROS are mostly generated by UVA, while the absorption of UVB predominantly leads to the formation of dimers in the DNA (Friedberg 2003). These cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) lead to mutations and cell death if unrepaired (Ikehata & Ono 2011) and have been linked to reduced growth (Lesser et al 2001), formation of melanomas (Sweet et al 2012) and increased mortality (Dong et al 2007, Tucker et al 2010, Fukunishi et al 2013b) in fish from temperate and tropical waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If left unrepaired, UV-induced DNA damage can lead to mutations (Ikehata & Ono 2011) and apoptosis of affected cells (Browman et al 2003, Lo et al 2005. In fish, the effects of UVR exposure include damage to tissues of the skin (Armstrong et al 2002) and even the brain (Vehniäinen et al 2012), increased mortality (Dong et al 2007, Fukunishi et al 2013a, 2013b) and behavioural changes in trout (Alemanni et al 2003) and salmon (Kelly & Bothwell 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

Braun¹

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Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the surface of earth has been recognized as a major environmental stressor for marine organisms due to the potential of UVB (280 -315 nm) to induce DNA damage such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to cell death. Despite inhabiting a UV-rich environment, the levels of DNA damage in reef fish and factors influencing these levels are unknown. Whether reef fish are able to avoid UVR and repair UV-induced DNA damage is unclear despite the importance of these protection mechanisms in other animals. The presence of UV-absorbing Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) in the external mucus of reef fish has been confirmed, however the efficiency of these compounds in preventing CPDs has not been studied. The aim of this PhD was to assess the impact of ambient and elevated levels of UVR on reef fish in terms of UV-induced DNA damage, and to evaluate the protective mechanisms available to fish with and without UV vision.In order to determine the net level of DNA damage in skin samples of 15 species of fish from the reefs surrounding Lizard Island, a CPD-specific antibody was used in an ELISA. Analysis using a boosted regression tree shows that the most important factors governing CPDs were species and size, with higher damage being detected in smaller individuals. Other factors such as family, depth and the presence or absence of UV vision contributed the least to the variation in damage. The length of exposure to natural levels of UVR over the course of a day was found to have no significant influence on net DNA damage levels, which were relatively low in situ, compared to levels that were detected in later experiments using elevated UVR.The first protection mechanism, behavioural avoidance to UVR, was tested using behavioural experiments in which fish with (Pomacentrus amboinensis) and without UV vision (Thalassoma lunare) were given a choice between UV-protected and UV-exposed compartments. Additionally, foraging behaviour of settlement-stage larvae of P. amboinensis was determined under ambient levels of UVR. Automated analysis of video footage using MatLab shows that neither species showed a specific avoidance response to varying levels of UVB. Although P. amboinensis showed a preference for deeper sections of the experimental tanks, fish spent equal amounts of time in exposed and protected compartments. The foraging activity and distance to shelter of P. amboinensis that were exposed to UVR were significantly reduced compared to fish that were observed under light conditions that lacked UVR.Next, the efficiency of natural sunscreens, MAAs, in preventing CPDs was tested in P. amboinensis and T. lunare. The levels of MAAs in the mucus of the two species were either reduced or maintained during captivity before exposure to a short pulse of high UVR.Spectrometric measurements of light transmission through mucus samples collected after irradiation were used to quantify the amount of MAAs available for protection. In both species, DNA damage levels in skin sampl...

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Photobiological effects of UVA and UVB light in zebrafish embryos: Evidence for a competent photorepair system

Cited by 110 publications

References 42 publications

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

Effects of UVC Radiation on the Thickness of Glomerular Basement Membrane in Mole Rats

UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

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