Photobleaching of chloroplast pigments in leaves of a non-yellowing mutant genotype of Festuca pratensis

Thomas, Howard; Matile, Philippe

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(88)83094-2

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In general, a treatment that stimulates de-greening in light but which has no, or a delaying, effect in darkness is likely to be working through a pseudosenescence route. Examples of such factors are carbohydrates, chelators, intermediates of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and extreme temperatures (Holden 1972;van Hasselt & Strikwerda 1976;Thimann et al 1977;Satler & Thimann 1983;Thimann 1985;Thomas & Matile 1988). The light-dependent bleaching seen in the HR response, and enhanced by mutations that cause buildup of photodynamic chlorophyll catabolites, is an example of pseudosenescence.…”

Section: Pseudosenescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The control of chlorophyll catabolism and the status of yellowing as a biomarker of leaf senescence

et al. 2008

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Ougham, H. J., Hortensteiner, S., Armstead, I. P., Donnison, I. S., King, I. P., Thomas, Howard, Mur, L. A. J. (2008). The control of chlorophyll catabolism and the status of yellowing as a biomarker of leaf senescence. Plant Biology, 10, (Supplement 1), pp. 4-14 IMPF: 01.94 RONO: 1310 3001The pathway of chlorophyll catabolism during leaf senescence is known in a fair amount of biochemical and cell biological detail. In the last few years, genes encoding a number of the catabolic enzymes have been characterized, including the key ring-opening activities, phaeophorbide a oxygenase (PaO) and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCCR). Recently, a gene that modulates disassembly of chlorophyll?protein complexes and activation of pigment ring-opening has been isolated by comparative mapping in monocot species, positional cloning exploiting rice genomics resources and functional testing in Arabidopsis. The corresponding gene in pea has been identified as Mendel's I locus (green/yellow cotyledons). Mutations in this and other chlorophyll catabolic genes have significant consequences, both for the course of leaf senescence and senescence-like stress responses, notably hypersensitivity to pathogen challenge. Loss of chlorophyll can occur via routes other than the PaO/RCCR pathway, resulting in changes that superficially resemble senescence. Such 'pseudosenescence' responses tend to be pathological rather than physiological and may differ from senescence in fundamental aspects of biochemistry and regulation.Peer reviewe

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Section: Pseudosenescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The control of chlorophyll catabolism and the status of yellowing as a biomarker of leaf senescence

et al. 2008

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“…The staygreen phenotypes of pea and Festuca pratensis were found to be induced by the lesion of phaeophobide, a oxygenase (PaO) during chlorophyll catabolism (Thomas 1987;Vicentini et al 1995). Physiological, cytological, biochemical and genetic analyses of a non-yellowing mutant found in F. pratensis were also conducted (Thomas 1977(Thomas , 1982(Thomas , 1987(Thomas , 1997; Thomas and Matile 1988;Thomas et al 1999), which revealed that the staygreen character was regulated by a single recessive allele of the nuclear locus sid (Thomas 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The genetic basis of stay-green in rice analyzed in a population of doubled haploid lines derived from an indica by japonica cross

Jiang

et al. 2003

Theor Appl Genet

142

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Delayed leaf-senescence, or stay-green, has been regarded as a desired characteristic for the production of a number of crops including rice. In this study, we analyzed the genetic basis of stay-green using a population of 190 doubled haploid lines from the cross between an indica parent Zhenshan 97 and a stay-green japonica parent Wuyujing 2. The population was tested in replicated field trials in 2 consecutive years, and six traits were defined to evaluate the stay-green characteristics. A genetic linkage map with 179 SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker loci was constructed. The software QTLMapper, based on a mixed linear model approach, was applied to detect QTLs, epistatic effects and their environmental interactions for these traits. A total of 46 main-effect QTLs was detected for the six traits that can be localized to 25 chromosomal regions. The individual effects of all the QTLs were small. Fifty digenic interactions were resolved that involved 66 loci distributed on all 12 chromosomes. Environmental interactions were detected for 18 of the main-effect QTLs and 14 of the epistatic interactions. Collectively, the epistatic effects and QTL by year interactions accounted for large proportions of the phenotypic variations. The results also showed that most of the stay-green traits were negatively correlated with yield and its component traits. The implications of the results in crop improvement were discussed.

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“…Figure Ib shows the content of chl (2 + 6 in Rossa and Bf 993 tissue over the san-ie period, quantified as chromatogram peak integrals. We consistently observe marked discrepancies between, on the one hand, apparent levels of total chl as deternnined by spectrophotometry of crude acetone extracts (Thomas & Matile, 1988), and on the other, chla+b determined by HPLC (e.g. Gut et al, 1987).…”

Section: Polar Chlorophylls During Senescencementioning

confidence: 78%

“…A number of enzymic activities with potential functions in chl breakdown have been described, but it is not yet clear how they relate to the sequence of events described here. Moreover, the subsequent route of chl breakdown is a complex sequence of reactions and relocations of intermediates, since the next stable identifiable products, open-chain pyrrole derivatives, are found almost exclusively in the cell vacuole (Matile et al, 1988).…”

Section: Oxygen Is Necessary For the Further Metabolism Of Pcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catabolism of chlorophyll in vivo: significance of polar chlorophyll catabolites in a non‐yellowing senescence mutant of Festuca pratensis Huds.

et al. 1989

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S U M M A R -i'During dark incubation of excised leaf tissue from Bf 993, a senescence mutant o( Festuca pratensis Huds., a highly polar green pigment fraction (PC) increased from negligible amounts at day 0 to maximal concentrations at days 4-6 and declined thereafter. Over the same time-scale, chlorophyll (chl) was lost from leaves of the normal genotype Rossa without any detectable accumulation of PC. Chromatographic analysis established that PCs are a group of dephytylated derivatives of chl a. Chl protein complexes from 4-day-senesced Bf 993 tissue were isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation and PCs identified by thin-layer chromatography. High levels of PC were associated with the light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II; Photosystem I yielded none. Cycloheximide, at a concentration sufficient to inhibit yellowing in the normal genotype, completely abolished the appearance of PC in Bf 993. Accumulation of PC-like pigments in Rossa leaf tissue could be induced hy anoxia. It is proposed that PCs are normal intermediates in chl catabolism, which begins with a protein synthesis-dependent depbytylation, followed by oxidation leading ultimately to open-chain pyrrole derivatives. The first steps in the breakdown sequence take place while the pigment is associated with proteins in the thylakoid membrane. The metabolic lesion in the Festuca mutant appears to be located downstream of the dephytylation step, leading to an abnormal accumulation of PCs in this genotype.

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Photobleaching of chloroplast pigments in leaves of a non-yellowing mutant genotype of Festuca pratensis

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

The control of chlorophyll catabolism and the status of yellowing as a biomarker of leaf senescence

The control of chlorophyll catabolism and the status of yellowing as a biomarker of leaf senescence

The genetic basis of stay-green in rice analyzed in a population of doubled haploid lines derived from an indica by japonica cross

Catabolism of chlorophyll in vivo: significance of polar chlorophyll catabolites in a non‐yellowing senescence mutant of Festuca pratensis Huds.

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