Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 for the Degradation of Anticancer Drugs

Abstract

To prevent water pollution, photocatalysis is often used to remove small molecules such as drugs by generating reactive species. This study aimed to determine the photocatalytic activity of two anticancer drugs, imatinib and crizotinib, and to investigate various influences that may alter the kinetic degradation rate and ultimately the efficacy of the process. In order to obtain optimal parameters for the removal of drugs with immobilized TiO2, the mutual influence of the initial concentration of the contaminant at environmentally relevant pH values was investigated using the response surface modeling approach. The faster kinetic rate of photocatalysis was obtained at pH 5 and at the smallest applied concentration of both drugs. The photocatalytic efficiency was mostly decreased by adding various inorganic salts and organic compounds to the drug mixture. Regarding the degradation mechanism of imatinib and crizotinib, hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen showed a major role in photochemical reactions. The formation of seven degradation products for imatinib and fifteen for crizotinib during the optimal photocatalytic process was monitored by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-QqTOF). Since the newly formed products may pose a hazard to the environment, their toxicity was studied using Vibrio fischeri, where the significant luminescence inhibition was assessed for the mixture of crizotinib degradants during the photocatalysis from 90 to 120 min.

In2O3/NIO/MOS2 Composite as a Novel Photocatalytic towards Imatinib and 5-Fluorouracil Degradation

“…The plot of ln (C 0 /C t ) shows a linear relationship with irradiation time, where the slope is equal to the constant velocity (k = 0.0274) and R 2 = 0.8972. The results show that pseudo-first kinetics is a suitable model to describe the rate of pharmaceutical photocatalytic reaction [33,34]. time, where the slope is equal to the constant velocity (k = 0.0274) and R 2 = 0.8972.…”

“…time, where the slope is equal to the constant velocity (k = 0.0274) and R 2 = 0.8972. The results show that pseudo-first kinetics is a suitable model to describe the rate of pharmaceutical photocatalytic reaction [33,34].…”

Gliding arc plasma treatment of levofloxacin using experimental design approach

“…applied RSM to optimize degradation of several antibiotics by photocatalytic processes. [ 32–36 ] Dzimitrowicz et al. used RSM to determine optimal conditions of Doxycyclin, an antibiotic, by plasma.…”