We evaluated electrochemical degradation
(ECD) and photocatalytic
degradation (PCD) technologies for saline water purification, with
a focus on rate comparison and formation and degradation of chlorinated
aromatic intermediates using the same non-chlorinated parent compound,
4-ethylphenol (4EP). At 15 mA·cm
–2
, and in
the absence of chloride (0.6 mol·L
–1
NaNO
3
was used as supporting electrolyte), ECD resulted in an apparent
zero-order rate of 30 μmol L
–1
·h
–1
, whereas rates of ∼300 μmol L
–1
·h
–1
and ∼3750 μmol L
–1
·h
–1
were computed for low (0.03 mol·L
–1
) and high (0.6 mol·L
–1
) NaCl
concentration, respectively. For PCD, initial rates of ∼330
μmol L
–1
·h
–1
and 205
μmol L
–1
·h
–1
were found
for low and high NaCl concentrations, at a photocatalyst (TiO
2
) concentration of 0.5 g·L
–1
, and illumination
at λ
max
≈ 375 nm, with an intensity ∼0.32
mW·cm
–2
. In the chlorine mediated ECD approach,
significant quantities of free chlorine (hypochlorite, Cl
2
) and chlorinated hydrocarbons were formed in solution, while photocatalytic
degradation did not show the formation of free chlorine, nor chlorine-containing
intermediates, and resulted in better removal of non-purgeable hydrocarbons
than ECD. The origin of the minimal formation of free chlorine and
chlorinated compounds in photocatalytic degradation is discussed based
on photoelectrochemical results and existing literature, and explained
by a chloride-mediated surface-charge recombination mechanism.