Photocatalytic Degradation-Excitation−Emission Matrix Fluorescence for Increasing the Selectivity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Analyses

Abstract

The application of photocatalysis enhancement to calibration of fluorescence excitation-emission matrixes (EEMs) with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis is described. In this study, three- and four-way PARAFAC analysis was employed to extract the fluorescent species' spectra from overlapping EEMs. Time-dependent photocatalysis degradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was employed to create an additional dimension for analysis. The consequent four-dimension degradation-EEM data cubes have greater selectivity for each PAH than do three-dimension EEM data cubes alone. On a scale of 0 to 1, with 0 being completely collinear spectra and 1 being orthogonal spectra, including the time-dependent measurements increased the selectivity an average of 21%, from 0.73 to 0.87.

Accelerating the analyses of 3‐way and 4‐way PARAFAC models utilizing multi‐dimensional wavelet compression

“…Simulated data ensure a precise assessment of the PARAFAC capabilities; experimental data cubes demonstrate its feasibility for real-world applications. Excitationemission matrix fluorescence (EEM) spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5]47,48] was used to acquire experimental multi-way data sets. EEM spectroscopy uses a broadband UV-Vis light source to excite naturally fluorescent analytes.…”

“…Exemplary 4D hypercube acquired by EEM spectroscopy [4,5]; such a hypercube consists of a series of the 3D cubes; every 3D cube in turn belongs to one sample and contains a time series of EEM spectra.…”

“…Hyphenated measurement techniques such as liquid chromatography-UV diode array detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or excitation-emission fluorescence (EEM) spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5] open new avenues for comprehensive chemical sensing. Such measurement techniques generate multi-way data sets, which are commonly evaluated by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Second Order Advantage Applied to the Spectrophotometric Analysis of Ciprofloxacin and Dexamethasone in Ophthalmic Drops; Automatic Green Method Using On-line Photodegradation

“…In this sense, the application of photochemical reactions can be used to improve analyte identification and quantitation in multicomponent mixtures. 10 CIP and DEX undergo photodegradation in aqueous solutions after irradiation with a high-pressure mercury lamp or after exposure to day light. 11,12 In this paper, we propose an automated, environmental friendly and low cost method for the simultaneous determination of CIP and DEX in ophthalmic suspensions.…”

Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water: a Comparative Study Based on Three-dimensional Excitation-emission Matrix Fluorescence

“…Therefore, several authors have recently described the use of excitationemission fluorescence matrix spectra (EEM) for identifying and quantifying PAHs in water samples. [13][14][15][16] In the case of an EEM, the fluorescence intensity is collected as a function of both the excitation and emission wavelengths. Due to the additional coordinate, the data obtained by EEM is larger than that in conventional fluorescence spectra.…”