Photocatalytic degradation of carbamate insecticides: Effect of different parameters

Tomašević, Anđelka; Mijin, Dušan Ž.; Marinković, Аleksandar; Cvijetić, Ilija N.; Gašić, Slavica

doi:10.2298/pif1904193t

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…A variety of both biotic and abiotic processes are responsible for degradation or transformation of carbamate pesticides in the environment. Abiotic routes include direct or indirect photodegradation, alkaline hydrolysis, volatilisation and adsorption, amongst others ( Faust and Gomaa, 1972 ; de Bertrand and Barceló, 1991 ; Raut-Jadhav et al, 2016 ; Tomašević et al, 2019 ). Biotic routes include microbial degradation as the primary route for their complete removal by bacterial and fungal species.…”

Section: Environmental Fatementioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved Metabolic and Evolutionary Themes in Microbial Degradation of Carbamate Pesticides

2021

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Carbamate pesticides are widely used as insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides and fungicides in the agriculture, food and public health sector. However, only a minor fraction of the applied quantity reaches the target organisms. The majority of it persists in the environment, impacting the non-target biota, leading to ecological disturbance. The toxicity of these compounds to biota is mediated through cholinergic and non-cholinergic routes, thereby making their clean-up cardinal. Microbes, specifically bacteria, have adapted to the presence of these compounds by evolving degradation pathways and thus play a major role in their removal from the biosphere. Over the past few decades, various genetic, metabolic and biochemical analyses exploring carbamate degradation in bacteria have revealed certain conserved themes in metabolic pathways like the enzymatic hydrolysis of the carbamate ester or amide linkage, funnelling of aryl carbamates into respective dihydroxy aromatic intermediates, C1 metabolism and nitrogen assimilation. Further, genomic and functional analyses have provided insights on mechanisms like horizontal gene transfer and enzyme promiscuity, which drive the evolution of degradation phenotype. Compartmentalisation of metabolic pathway enzymes serves as an additional strategy that further aids in optimising the degradation efficiency. This review highlights and discusses the conclusions drawn from various analyses over the past few decades; and provides a comprehensive view of the environmental fate, toxicity, metabolic routes, related genes and enzymes as well as evolutionary mechanisms associated with the degradation of widely employed carbamate pesticides. Additionally, various strategies like application of consortia for efficient degradation, metabolic engineering and adaptive laboratory evolution, which aid in improvising remediation efficiency and overcoming the challenges associated with in situ bioremediation are discussed.

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