Photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in saline waters Part 2. Effects of various photocatalytic materials

Al-Rasheed, Radwan

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(02)00667-1

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It has also been shown that an excess of light promotes a faster electron-hole recombination and the low activation energy of photocatalytic reactions (5-20 kJ/mol), compared with ordinary thermal reactions. In slurry type systems, catalyst loading is an important design parameter for the effective use of reactor space and photocatalyst and a wide range (0.15 to 8 g/L) of optimal catalyst loading in aqueous suspensions has been reported for different photocatalyst systems and reactor configurations [1,12,[91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99], Figure 7: Figure 7. Schematic diagram of Channelled Optical Fiber Reactor (COFR) system for gas-phase photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds [1].…”

Section: Photocatalytic Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

2013

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Semiconductor heterogeneous photocatalysis, the subject of this review, is a versatile, low-cost and environmentally benign treatment technology for a host of pollutants. These may be of biological, organic and inorganic in origin within water and air. The efficient and successful application of photocatalysis demands that the pollutant, the catalyst and source of illumination are in close proximity or contact with each other. The ability of advanced oxidation technology to remove low levels of persistent organic pollutants as well as microorganisms in water has been widely demonstrated and, progressively, the technology is now being commercialized in many areas of the world including developing nations. This review considers recent developments in the research and application of heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysis for the treatment of low-level concentrations of pollutants in water and air using titanium dioxide as a "model" semiconductor. The review considers charge transport characteristics on the semiconductor surface, photocatalyst reactor design and organic degradation mechanistic pathways. The effects of photoreactor operating parameters on the photocatalytic process are discussed in addition to mineralization and disinfection kinetics.

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Section: Photocatalytic Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

2013

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“…Photocatalysis has been proven to be a plausible technique to decontaminate phenolic wastewaters as complete mineralization has been successfully achieved under a variety of conditions (Serpone et al, 1993, D'Oliveira, 1990. However, few papers have addressed the efficiency of this novel technology in saline media (Bessa et al, 1999, Bessa et al, 2001, Al-Rasheed and Cardin, 2003. This knowledge becomes fundamental as the increasing demand of water is leading to its intensive reuse and recycling, which generates the build-up of salts, making it necessary to assess the performance of photocatalysis in saline environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO2-Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in saline media in an annular reactor: hydrodynamics, lumped kinetics, intermediates, and acute toxicity

Azevedo

Torres

Neto

et al. 2009

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-The photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous suspensions of TiO 2 under different salt concentrations in an annular reactor has been investigated. In all cases, complete removal of phenol and mineralization degrees above 90% were achieved. The reactor operational parameters were optimized and its hydrodynamics characterized in order to couple mass balance equations with kinetic ones. The photodegradation of the organics followed a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson lumped kinetics. From GC/MS analyses, several intermediates formed during oxidation have been identified. The main ones were catechol, hydroquinone, and 3-phenyl-2-propenal, in this order. The formation of negligible concentrations of 4-chlorophenol was observed only in high salinity medium. Acute toxicity was determined by using Artemia sp. as the test organism, which indicated that intermediate products were all less toxic than phenol and a significant abatement of the overall toxicity was accomplished, regardless of the salt concentration.

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“…From the spectrum, the absorp- tion wavelength was determined to be about 350 nm and the band gap energy was determined to be 3.55 eV by Eq. (1) [9], which is lower than the value of 3.8 eV reported by Hwang et al [10] 1) :…”

Section: Characterization Of the La 2 Ti 2 O 7 Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 54%

Photocatalytic Oxidation of Isopropanol in Aqueous Solution Using Perovskite‐Structured La₂Ti₂O₇

Wang

2007

Chem Eng & Technol

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This study is focused on the application of a highly-doped layered perovskite, La 2-Ti 2 O 7 , as the photocatalyst for the photocatalytic decomposition of isopropanol (IPA). The La 2 Ti 2 O 7 powder prepared by solid state reaction was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV-DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and zeta potential. The temporal behavior of the photocatalytic decomposition of IPA in aqueous solution by the UV/La 2 Ti 2 O 7 , with a photoreactor operated in a recirculation mode, was studied under various conditions including solution pH, light intensity, and La 2 Ti 2 O 7 loading. The decomposition of IPA in aqueous solution by La 2 Ti 2 O 7 photocatalytic processes was found to be technically feasible. A kinetic equation was developed for modeling the photocatalytic decomposition of IPA by the UV/La 2 Ti 2 O 7 photocatalytic processes.

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Photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in saline waters Part 2. Effects of various photocatalytic materials

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

TiO2-Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in saline media in an annular reactor: hydrodynamics, lumped kinetics, intermediates, and acute toxicity

Photocatalytic Oxidation of Isopropanol in Aqueous Solution Using Perovskite‐Structured La₂Ti₂O₇

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Photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in saline waters Part 2. Effects of various photocatalytic materials

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications

TiO2-Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in saline media in an annular reactor: hydrodynamics, lumped kinetics, intermediates, and acute toxicity

Photocatalytic Oxidation of Isopropanol in Aqueous Solution Using Perovskite‐Structured La2Ti2O7

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Photocatalytic Oxidation of Isopropanol in Aqueous Solution Using Perovskite‐Structured La₂Ti₂O₇