Photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals and organic contaminants of emerging concern using nanotubular structures

Detection and Treatment of Persistent Pollutants in Water: General Review of Pharmaceutical Products

“…reported that nanotube‐based photocatalysts have high adsorption capacity, easy separation of the charge carriers being generated, and high photocatalytic reaction rates. These materials are low cost and easy to synthesize, very efficient and offer structures that can be optimally controlled leading to good opto‐electronic properties and large surface areas [166] . They further report that in addition to photocatalyst morphology the pollutant molecule itself also plays an important role in its degradation.…”

“…These materials are low cost and easy to synthesize, very efficient and offer structures that can be optimally controlled leading to good opto-electronic properties and large surface areas. [166] They further report that in addition to photocatalyst morphology the pollutant molecule itself also plays an important role in its degradation. For example, one observes that SnO 2 @ZnS quasi-microspheres do not degrade an antibiotic, an anti-inflammatory or an antidepressant in the same way.…”

“…[160] In addition to the band gap energy, photocatalyst morphology influences pollutant degradation. Of the photocatalysts shown in Table 8, the catalaysts exhibit various morphology such as nanosheets, [164] nanotubes, [166] granular or elongated forms such as rods, [151] nanocomposites, [154] microspheres, [152] etc. These morphologies allow either good or poor contact between the pollutant, the photocatalyst, and an irradiation source.…”

Synthesis of ZnO with controlled preparation parameters and study on the ultraviolet photodegradation of Rhodamine B

“…ZnO has several advantages, including a bandgap width of 3.37 eV, high chemical stability, high electron mobility, safety, and ease of synthesis. These properties make it widely applied in various fields such as solar cells 8,9 , sensors 10 , ultraviolet detectors 11 , and photocatalysis 12,13 .In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of zinc oxide (ZnO), efforts have been made to enhance the charge separation efficiency of ZnO. This can be achieved by doping ZnO with metal ions or noble metal ions that have radii similar to that of ZnO, such as Fe, Ag 14 , Cu 15 , Ni 16 , Mn, and Co. At present, there are several methods for treating dye wastewater such as Rhodamine B, Acid Black, and Reactive Red.…”

Deep Eutectic Solvent-Assisted Synthesis of a Strontium Tungstate Bifunctional Catalyst: Investigation on the Electrocatalytic Determination and Photocatalytic Degradation of Acetaminophen and Metformin Drugs

“…The literature suggests treating these active pharmacological species with biological, physical, and chemical methods. These methods also face unprofitable commercial use, poor efficiency, harmful side products, time-consuming procedures, inability to recover wastewater, disposable issues, and complexity. , Thus, new removal technologies are needed immediately to eliminate hazardous pharmaceutical ingredients in water systems . An evolving, viable, and highly efficient technology is among the plethora of treatment technologies.…”