Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine‐B dye using composite prepared from drinking water treatment sludge and nano TiO₂

Abstract

In this study, composite Sludge adsorbent (ASN)/TiO2 was prepared from the drinking water treatment sludge ASN (activated with nitric acid) and nanoparticle TiO2 by the sol‐gel method, followed by using it to remove Rhodamine‐B (RB) dye from polluted water. The prepared composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry, X‐ray diffraction, and surface area N2‐adsorption/desorption analysis. Photocatalytic degradation of RB dye was investigated by UV and UV/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) irradiation. Parameters such as composite dosage, initial dye concentration, UV irradiation time, and solution pH were applied to obtain the optimum conditions for high RB dye degradation. The results showed that the highest RB dye degradation (96.7%) was using a 2:1 ratio of ASN/TiO2. High degradation of dye was achieved within 4 h at pH 7, 50 ppm dye concentration, and 0.125 g/50 ml composite dose. The maximum degradation of RB dye using the prepared composite under UV irradiation with H2O2 (99.85%) was higher than that with UV irradiation only (96.85%). The rate of the dye photocatalytic degradation followed the first‐order kinetics.

Application of modified water treatment residuals in water and wastewater treatment: A review

“…Also, the regeneration and recycling of TiO 2 is difficult. However, good chemical stability and synergetic properties allows it addition in WTRs to form composites [ 26 ]. Al-WTRs are reported to have mixed with TiO 2 colloids to create a novel composite sorbent.…”

“…This reduction was more significant when the composite was unregenerated [ 63 ]. In another study, using acid activated TiO 2 -WTR composite, Rhodamine-B degradation efficiency was reduced to 85.65% from its initial value 96.85% after five cycles [ 26 ].…”

“…WTRs have been modified in a number of ways such as thermal modification and calcination [ [16] , [17] , [18] ], chemical modification with acid [ [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ], surface modification with metals [ [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] ], and synthesis of composite sorbents made by amendment with waste products such as rice husk, wood mulches, scrap tire chips, fly-ash and shell materials [ [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] ]. These modifications result in favorable characteristics such as enhanced specific surface area and easy regeneration capacity.…”

“…These modifications result in favorable characteristics such as enhanced specific surface area and easy regeneration capacity. These modified WTRs have been used for the removal of a variety of pollutants such as fluoride [ 34 ], nitrogen and phosphorus [ 35 ], turbidity [ 19 ], molybdenum (VI) [ 20 ], chromium [ 36 ] and dyes [ 26 , 31 , 37 ], among others.…”

A comprehensive review of the energy efficiency on nano coated fin and tube condenser

“…The Nano coating on the heat exchanger has an impact on the high energy efficiency with heat transferring equipment at the rate of about 30% to 45%. But the environmental problem with the Nano coating and the Nanomaterial syncretization during the processing will hazard to the environment (Aravind et al., 2021; Gibson & Pula, 2009; Kumar & Pakshirajan, 2022; Naghizadeh et al., 2022; Rashed et al., 2022).…”