Roxarsone (ROX) is an organoarsenic feed additive, and can be discharged into aquatic environment.ROX can photodegrade into more toxic inorganic arsenics, causing arsenic pollution. However, the photodegradation behavior of ROX in aquatic environment is still unclear. To better understand ROX photodegradation behavior, this study investigated the ROX photodegradation mechanism and in uencing factors, and modeled the photodegradation process. The results showed that ROX in the aquatic environment was degraded to inorganic As(III) and As(V) under light irradiation. The degradation e ciency was enhanced by 25 % with the increase of light intensity from 300 µW/cm 2 to 800 µW/cm 2 via indirect photolysis. The photodegradation was temperature dependence, but was only slightly affected by pH. Nitrate ion (NO 3 − ) had an obvious in uence, but sulfate, carbonate, and chlorate ions had a negligible effect on ROX degradation. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the solution inhibited the photodegradation. ROX photodegradation was mainly mediated by reactive oxygen species (in the form of single oxygen 1 O 2 ) generated through ROX self-sensitization under irradiation. Based on the data of factors affecting ROX photodegradation, ROX photodegradation model was built and trained by an arti cial neural network (ANN), and the predicted degradation rate was in good agreement with the real values with a root mean square error of 1.008. This study improved the understanding of ROX photodegradation behavior and provided a basis for controlling the pollution from ROX photodegradation.