2023
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244884
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Photochemical escape of atomic C and N on Mars during the X8.2 solar flare on 10 September 2017

Abstract: Context. Characterizing the response of the upper Martian atmosphere to solar flares could provide important clues as to the climate evolution of the red planet in the early Solar System, when the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation was substantially higher than the present-day level and when these events occurred more frequently. A critical process herein is the Martian atmospheric escape in the form of atomic C and N, as mainly driven by CO2/CO and N2 dissociation. Aims. This study is devoted to eva… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Such a phenomenon can be interpreted as the results of the competition between two diffusion-induced effects: enhanced hot neutral production and enhanced collisional hindrance. For hot O, S, and SO 2 , the former effect is more important than the latter, while for hot O 2 and SO, it appears that the latter becomes more important, a feature similar to the effects of solar flares on atomic C, N, and O escape on Mars (e.g., Gu et al, 2023;Lee et al, 2020).…”
Section: Hot Neutral Escape Ratesmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…Such a phenomenon can be interpreted as the results of the competition between two diffusion-induced effects: enhanced hot neutral production and enhanced collisional hindrance. For hot O, S, and SO 2 , the former effect is more important than the latter, while for hot O 2 and SO, it appears that the latter becomes more important, a feature similar to the effects of solar flares on atomic C, N, and O escape on Mars (e.g., Gu et al, 2023;Lee et al, 2020).…”
Section: Hot Neutral Escape Ratesmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…In principle, a denser background atmosphere leads to enhanced production of atmospheric recoils and implies more frequent collisions, of which the latter would hinder the escape of atmospheric recoils. Therefore, the variations of sputtering yields with the atmospheric density are dependent on the competition between the above two effects, a feature which has been discussed in our previous studies (Gu et al, 2023;Huang, Gu, Cui, Sun, & Ni, 2023;Huang, Gu, Cui, Wu, & Sun, 2023). For further illustration, we perform two extra model runs for the column densities 100 and 1,000 times that in the moderate SO 2 sublimation case under the normal incidence of S ++ , assuming forward scattering.…”
Section: Effect Of Variations In Io's Atmospherementioning
confidence: 98%
“…Atmospheric escape on Mars is historically a topic of great interest to the planetary science community, since it has a substantial impact on the long‐term evolution and habitability of Mars (e.g., Jakosky et al., 2018; Lammer et al., 2013; Lillis et al., 2015). Based on the multi‐instrument measurements gathered by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN; Jakosky et al., 2015) mission, extensive studies have been made on both neutral (e.g., Cravens et al., 2017; Lillis et al., 2017; Rahmati et al., 2017; Leblanc et al., 2018; Cui et al., 2019; Gu et al., 2020; Gu, Wu, & Cui, 2023; X. Huang et al., 2023) and ion escape (e.g., Brain et al., 2015; Dubinin et al., 2017; Ergun et al., 2016; He et al., 2023; Niu et al., 2021; Wu et al., 2019) on Mars. Although ion escape was likely dominant in the distant past (e.g., Dong et al., 2018), neutral escape which occurs mainly in the form of atomic O is generally thought to be the most important escaping channel at the current epoch (Jakosky et al., 2018, and references therein).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%