“…Atmospheric escape on Mars is historically a topic of great interest to the planetary science community, since it has a substantial impact on the long‐term evolution and habitability of Mars (e.g., Jakosky et al., 2018; Lammer et al., 2013; Lillis et al., 2015). Based on the multi‐instrument measurements gathered by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN; Jakosky et al., 2015) mission, extensive studies have been made on both neutral (e.g., Cravens et al., 2017; Lillis et al., 2017; Rahmati et al., 2017; Leblanc et al., 2018; Cui et al., 2019; Gu et al., 2020; Gu, Wu, & Cui, 2023; X. Huang et al., 2023) and ion escape (e.g., Brain et al., 2015; Dubinin et al., 2017; Ergun et al., 2016; He et al., 2023; Niu et al., 2021; Wu et al., 2019) on Mars. Although ion escape was likely dominant in the distant past (e.g., Dong et al., 2018), neutral escape which occurs mainly in the form of atomic O is generally thought to be the most important escaping channel at the current epoch (Jakosky et al., 2018, and references therein).…”