Photochemical formation of hydrogen peroxide in natural waters exposed to sunlight

Cooper, William J.; Zika, Rod G.; Petasne, Robert G.; Plane, J. M. C.

doi:10.1021/es00175a004

Cited by 314 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For wavelengths less than 340 nm, the lowest quantum yields were observed for the Beaufort Sea surface waters (not shown). The observed / app,k values for the Elizabeth River sample are similar to the range of apparent quantum yields observed by Cooper et al (1988) at VH Pond Miami, FL, 7.0 Â 10 À 4 to 5.9 Â 10 À 5 (Fig. 7), and by Andrews et al (2000) at the Shark River 1.19 Â 10 À 3 to 1.7 Â 10 À 4 .…”

Section: Wavelength Dependence Of Peroxide Productionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Photochemical production of hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide in coastal waters

et al. 2005

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Section: Wavelength Dependence Of Peroxide Productionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…A number of studies have determined the photochemical production of H 2 O 2 in freshwater and ground waters (Cooper et al, 1988, Scully et al, 1996. Zuo and Hoigne (1992) examined the formation of H 2 O 2 in atmospheric water that results from iron(III)-oxalato complex photolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical production of hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide in coastal waters

et al. 2005

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“…Voelker and Sedlak (1995) (Cooper et al, 1988;Scully et al, 1996;Yocis et al, 2000;Yuan and Shiller, 2001). DOM and O 2 react to produce the short-lived radical species superoxide (O 2 À ), which undergoes disproportionation to form H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Redox Cycling Of Iron In Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distribution of Fe(II) and H2O2 during EisenEx, an open ocean mescoscale iron enrichment

et al. 2005

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Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. concentrations increased at the depth of the chlorophyll maximum when iron concentrations returned to pre-infusion concentrations (b80 pM) possibly due to biological production related to iron reductase activity.In this work, Fe(II) and dissolved iron were used as tracers themselves for subsequent iron infusions when no further SF 6 was added. EisenEx was subject to periods of weak and strong mixing. Slow mixing after the second infusion allowed significant concentrations of Fe(II) and Fe to exist for several days. During this time, dissolved and total iron in the infusion plume behaved almost conservatively as it was trapped between a relict mixed layer and a new rain-induced mixed layer. Using dissolved iron, a value for the vertical diffusion coefficient K z =6.7F0.7 cm 2 s À1 was obtained for this 2-day period. During a subsequent surface survey of the iron-enriched patch, elevated levels of Fe(II) were found in surface waters presumably from Fe(II) dissolved in the rainwater that was falling at this time.Model results suggest that the reaction between uncomplexed Fe(III) and O 2 À was a significant source of Fe(II) during EisenEx and helped to maintain high levels of Fe(II) in the water column. This phenomenon may occur in iron enrichment experiments when two conditions are met: (i) When Fe is added to a system already saturated with regard to organic complexation and (ii) when mixing processes are slow, thereby reducing the dispersion of iron into under-saturated waters. D

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“…However, the northern position is closer to the coast and is thus more likely to receive organic-rich water from the coastal upwelling. Since the formation of H 2 O 2 results principally from the excitation of humic substances (Cooper et al, 1988;Scully et al, 1996) differences in H 2 O 2 can be expected from differences in water characteristics such as content of organic material. Moore et al (1993) related peroxide production with organic matter fluorescence in the eastern Caribbean.…”

Section: Surface Samples From the Transectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plane et al (1987) demonstrated that production occurs primarily between 300 and 400 nm. This wavelength dependence of H 2 O 2 formation is related to the light absorbance of organic substances in the water (Plane et al, 1987;Cooper et al, 1988;Sikorski and Zika, 1993). The absorbance of organic substances is highest in the UVBR region of the solar spectrum (280 -320 nm), decreasing in the UVAR region (320 -400 nm) and lower at higher wavelengths (>400 nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of solar ultraviolet radiation on the photochemical production of H2O2 in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Gerringa

Rijkenberg

Timmermans

et al. 2004

Journal of Sea Research

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Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was measured in marine surface waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean between 25jN and 25jS. H 2 O 2 concentrations decreased from 80 nM in the north to 20 nM in the south, in agreement with earlier observations. A diel cycle of H 2 O 2 production as a function of sunlight in surface waters was followed twice whilst the ship steamed southward. Around 23jN a distinct diel cycle could be measured which correlated well with irradiance conditions. The wavelength dependency of H 2 O 2 formation was studied near the equator. For 16 hours, water samples were incubated with wavelength bands of the solar spectrum, i.e. visible (VIS: 400 -700 nm), VIS and ultraviolet A radiation (UVAR: 320 -400 nm) and VIS, UVAR and ultraviolet B radiation (UVBR: 280 -320 nm). A significant relationship was found between wavelength band and the production of H 2 O 2 . In addition, a clear positive relationship between intensity and production was found. UVAR was 6.5 times more efficient than VIS in producing 1 nM of H 2 O 2 , whereas UVBR was 228 times more efficient than VIS. When these data were weighted with respect to the energy of the solar spectrum at zenith hour, 28% of the H 2 O 2 was formed by VIS, 23% was formed by UVAR and 48% was formed by UVBR. Considering the strong attenuation of UVBR in marine waters as compared with UVAR and VIS radiation, the role of UVAR deeper in the water column is recognised. Furthermore results of this research emphasise the importance of VIS radiation in the formation of H 2 O 2 .

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Photochemical formation of hydrogen peroxide in natural waters exposed to sunlight

Cited by 314 publications

References 17 publications

Photochemical production of hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide in coastal waters

Photochemical production of hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide in coastal waters

Spatial and temporal distribution of Fe(II) and H2O2 during EisenEx, an open ocean mescoscale iron enrichment

The influence of solar ultraviolet radiation on the photochemical production of H2O2 in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean

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