Photochemical production of aerosols from real plant emissions

Mentel, Thomas F.; Wildt, Jürgen; Kiendler‐Scharr, Astrid; Kleist, E.; Tillmann, Ralf; Maso, Miikka Dal; Fisseha, R.; Hohaus, Thorsten; Spähn, H.; Uerlings, Ricarda; Wegener, Robert; Griffiths, Paul D.; Dinar, E.; Rudich, Yinon; Wahner, Andreas

doi:10.5194/acp-9-4387-2009

Cited by 140 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The set-up and its use in simulating SOA formation from whole plant emissions is described in detail by Mentel et al (2009). A short summary is given here.…”

Section: Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus for reproducible conditions the relative humidity and O 3 concentration in the reaction chamber were kept constant. As described in Mentel et al (2009) SOA formation in the reaction chamber was induced by OH initiated oxidation. OH was formed from ozone photolysis by a UV lamp (Philips TUV, λ max = 254 nm) installed in the reaction chamber.…”

Section: Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain more realistic emission scenarios in laboratory environments it is of eminent importance to use plants as a direct source for aerosol precursors. Such experiments realistically integrate the diverse aspects of the large diversity of compounds in the atmosphere as compared to experiments with individual compounds (McFiggans et al, 2004;Joutsensaari et al, 2005;VanReken et al, 2006;KiendlerScharr et al, 2009a, b;Mentel et al, 2009;Hao et al, 2009Hao et al, , 2011Lang-Yona et al, 2010). We investigated the new particle formation and secondary organic aerosol mass formed from poplar emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isoprene in poplar emissions: effects on new particle formation and OH concentrations

Kiendler‐Scharr¹,

Andres²,

Bachner³

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Stress-induced volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from transgenic Grey poplar modified in isoprene emission potential were used for the investigation of photochemical secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. In poplar, acute ozone stress induces the emission of a wide array of VOCs dominated by sesquiterpenes and aromatic VOCs. Constitutive light-dependent emission of isoprene ranged between 66 nmol m −2 s −1 in non-transgenic controls (wild type WT) and nearly zero (<0.5 nmol m −2 s −1 ) in isoprene emission-repressed plants (line RA22), respectively. Nucleation rates of up to 3600 cm −3 s −1 were observed in our experiments. In the presence of isoprene new particle formation was suppressed compared to non-isoprene containing VOC mixtures. Compared to isoprene/monoterpene systems emitted from other plants the suppression of nucleation by isoprene was less effective for the VOC mixture emitted from stressed poplar. This is explained by the observed high efficiency of new particle formation for emissions from stressed poplar. Direct measurements of OH in the reaction chamber revealed that the steady state concentration of OH is lower in the presence of isoprene than in the absence of isoprene, supporting the hypothesis that isoprenes' suppressing effect on nucleation is related to radical chemistry. In order to test whether isoprene contributes to SOA mass formation, fully deuterated isoprene (C 5 D 8 ) was added to the stress-induced emission profile of an isoprene free poplar mutant. Mass spectral analysis showed that, despite the isoprene-induced suppression of particle formation, fractions of deuterated isoprene were incorporated into the SOA. A fractional mass yield of 2.3 % of isoprene was observed. Future emission changes due to land use and climate change may therefore affect both gas phase oxidation capacity and new particle number formation.

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“…The set-up and its use in simulating SOA formation from whole plant emissions is described in detail by Mentel et al (2009). A short summary is given here.…”

Section: Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Isoprene in poplar emissions: effects on new particle formation and OH concentrations

Kiendler‐Scharr¹,

Andres²,

Bachner³

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…[14][15][16][17] Here we present a setup of plant chambers and a reaction chamber, which can be used to study interactions between BVOC emissions and pollution. A similar setup has been described by Mentel et al 18 Their facility is much larger (it uses trees rather than small potted plants) and optimized to simulate natural conditions. The smaller laboratory based setup that we describe here is exible and adaptable to study specic processes at the plant level and represents an intermediate between the large facility described by Mentel et al 18 and a much simpler setup such as used by Karl et al 19 The main features include automated operation to study real plant emissions under different environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar setup has been described by Mentel et al 18 Their facility is much larger (it uses trees rather than small potted plants) and optimized to simulate natural conditions. The smaller laboratory based setup that we describe here is exible and adaptable to study specic processes at the plant level and represents an intermediate between the large facility described by Mentel et al 18 and a much simpler setup such as used by Karl et al 19 The main features include automated operation to study real plant emissions under different environmental conditions. BVOC analysis is based on proton-transfer-reaction time-of-ight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) which allows precise online measurements of different VOCs in the air with high mass resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plant chamber system with downstream reaction chamber to study the effects of pollution on biogenic emissions

Timkovsky

Gankema

Pierik

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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A system of two plant chambers and a downstream reaction chamber has been set up to investigate the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and possible effects of pollutants such as ozone. The system can be used to compare BVOC emissions from two sets of differently treated plants, or to study the photochemistry of real plant emissions under polluted conditions without exposing the plants to pollutants. The main analytical tool is a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) which allows online monitoring of biogenic emissions and chemical degradation products. The identification of BVOCs and their oxidation products is aided by cryogenic trapping and subsequent in situ gas chromatographic analysis. Environmental impactIn this paper we describe a new laboratory setup to study the response of volatile plant emissions to different types of environmental stress. The centerpiece is the combination of two plant chambers with a reaction chamber that allows for photochemical processing of the plant emissions. Modern analytical tools such as proton-transfer-reaction time-of-ight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography allow for fast, precise and detailed chemical analysis. Results from a pilot study demonstrate the capacity of the system to investigate environmental issues of high importance, such as the discrepancy between the observed and predicted chemical loss of ozone via reactions with plant emissions; the impact of pollution and UV-B radiation on plant emissions.

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Size‐dependent hygroscopicity parameter (κ) and chemical composition of secondary organic cloud condensation nuclei

Zhao

Buchholz

Kortner

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Secondary organic aerosol components (SOA) contribute significantly to the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. The CCN activity of internally mixed submicron SOA particles is often parameterized assuming a size‐independent single‐hygroscopicity parameter κ. In the experiments done in a large atmospheric reactor (SAPHIR, Simulation of Atmospheric PHotochemistry In a large Reaction chamber, Jülich), we consistently observed size‐dependent κ and particle composition for SOA from different precursors in the size range of 50 nm–200 nm. Smaller particles had higher κ and a higher degree of oxidation, although all particles were formed from the same reaction mixture. Since decreasing volatility and increasing hygroscopicity often covary with the degree of oxidation, the size dependence of composition and hence of CCN activity can be understood by enrichment of higher oxygenated, low‐volatility hygroscopic compounds in smaller particles. Neglecting the size dependence of κ can lead to significant bias in the prediction of the activated fraction of particles during cloud formation.

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Photochemical production of aerosols from real plant emissions

Cited by 140 publications

References 76 publications

Isoprene in poplar emissions: effects on new particle formation and OH concentrations

Isoprene in poplar emissions: effects on new particle formation and OH concentrations

A plant chamber system with downstream reaction chamber to study the effects of pollution on biogenic emissions

Size‐dependent hygroscopicity parameter (κ) and chemical composition of secondary organic cloud condensation nuclei

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