The niobium−mercury compounds
[Cp‘2Nb(L)]2Hg (Cp‘ =
η5-C5H4SiMe3, L
= CO (4), PMe3
(5), or CNtBu (6)) serve as
stable precursors to the short-lived Nb(II) radicals of
general
formula [Cp‘2Nb−L]. The homolysis of the
Nb−Hg bond may result from a slow thermal
reaction (generating low concentrations of radicals) or from a
photochemical process in which
mercury extrusion is more rapid. Since the Nb(II) species
show no evidence for Nb−Nb
bond formation, they are useful in the synthesis of a variety of
Nb(III) and Nb(IV) species.
Reactions of 4 with dimeric species such as
[CpFe(CO)2]2,
[CpNi(CO)]2, Co2(CO)8,
or RSe−SeR give rise to new Nb−M or Nb−Se compounds, while reactions with
potential π donors
such as formaldehyde or azobenzene lead to displacement of the ligand L
and formation of
the Nb(IV) complexes. Crystallographic and
variable-temperature NMR studies on the Nb−Fe compound
Cp‘2Nb(μ-CO)2Fe(CO)Cp
(10) are consistent with a low-energy fluxional
process
involving exchange of bridging and terminal carbonyl ligands.