Photodecomposition of the herbicide methazole

Gw, Ivie; Hw, Dorough; Ra, Cardona

doi:10.1021/jf60187a039

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Jones 4 found methazole degradation could occur by volatiliza tion and photodecomposition when surface deposits were held in an environmental chamber. Ivie et al (11) identified deceived for publication August 16, 1976. Based in part on the Ph.D. dissertation of the senior author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Brockman

Duke

1977

Weed sci.

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The degradation and leaching of methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] and metabolites in Elmwood sandy loam soil over time in response to average spring environmental conditions was studied by using soil columns placed on a rainfall simulator in an environmental growth chamber. Methazole was degraded to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea (DCPMU) and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU) over a 6-week period following methazole application, during which the soil columns received simulated rainfall of 1.27 cm every fourth day. Methazole level decreased to 27% of the original amount while DCPMU and DCPU levels increased to 53% and 1%, respectively. Of the total radioactivity remaining in the soil columns after 44 days and after 14 cm rainfall, approximately 80% remained above a depth of 6.35 mm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Brockman

Duke

1977

Weed sci.

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“…Intensive research has been initiated in recent years to eluci date pesticide detoxification mechanisms. One such mecha nism is ultraviolet photolysis of pesticides (4,5,8,9,11,13). Ultraviolet light, a portion of solar radiation that filters through the earth's atmosphere, is not very effective in dis rupting pesticide chemical bonds due to its limited penetrating power (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of⁶⁰Co Radiation on Herbicides in Aqueous Solution

Bucholtz¹,

Lavy²

1977

Weed sci.

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Phytotoxicity of herbicides in water was measured before and after exposure to gamma radiation from a60Co irradiator. Chromatographic methods and bioassays were used to measure alterations that occurred during60Co exposure. Phytotoxicity of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) solutions was reduced even with the lowest dose of60Co, 1.7-megarad (Mrad). Alterations in phytotoxicity of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-esopropylamino-s-triazine) and dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) solution occurred only at 5 Mrad, which was the highest dose used. The phytotoxicity of atrazine solutons increased with the 5-Mrad irradiation. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) data showed that all herbicides were altered by60Co irradiation. Several products resulted when trifluralin was irradiated.

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“…A number of studies examining the patterns of methazole absorption, translocation, and metabolism in crop and weed plants, as well as its fate in the environment, are available (Brockman 1975, Brockman and Duke 1977, Butts and Foy 1974, Dorough 1974, Ivie et al 1973, Jones and Foy 1972, Keeley and Thullen 1979, Suzuki and Casida 1981, Verity et al 1981a, 1981b, 1981c. These studies revealed that methazole is readily absorbed by roots and translocated through the xylem to the leaves, where it expresses its phytotoxic symptoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of methazole and two of its degradation products in plants on the metabolism of enzymatically isolated leaf cells of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic)

Hatzios

1982

J Plant Growth Regul

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Abstract. Effects of methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-l,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] and of its plant degradation products, DCPMU [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-methylurea] and DCPU [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea], on photosynthesis, protein synthesis, ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis, and lipid synthesis of enzymatically isolated leaf cells of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic) were compared. Photosynthesis and protein, RNA, and lipid synthesis were assayed by the incorporation of NaH14CO3, [~4C]-leucine, [14C]-uracil, and [14C]-acetate, respectively, into the isolated cells. Time-course and concentration studies included incubation times of 30, 60, and 120 rain and concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 /zM of all three chemicals. DCPMU was a more potent inhibitor of the four metabolic processes examined than either the parent herbicide methazole or DCPU. The sensitivity of the four metabolic processes to DCPMU decreased in the order: photosynthesis > lipid > RNA > protein synthesis. Inhibition of all metabolic processes by methazole was time-dependent, increasing in magnitude with concomitant increases in incubation time. It is probable that the observed effects of methazole were caused by DCPMU, formed through metabolism of methazole by the iso-* Contribution No. 470,

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Photodecomposition of the herbicide methazole

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Effects of⁶⁰Co Radiation on Herbicides in Aqueous Solution

Comparative effects of methazole and two of its degradation products in plants on the metabolism of enzymatically isolated leaf cells of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic)

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Photodecomposition of the herbicide methazole

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Degradation and Leaching of Methazole in Soil

Effects of60Co Radiation on Herbicides in Aqueous Solution

Comparative effects of methazole and two of its degradation products in plants on the metabolism of enzymatically isolated leaf cells of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic)

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Effects of⁶⁰Co Radiation on Herbicides in Aqueous Solution