Photodegradation and volatility of pesticides

Kromer, Thomas; Ophoff, H.; Stork, Andreas; Führ, F.

doi:10.1007/bf02979710

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The half-lives were prolonged 81.1%, 56.8%, 13.2%, 50.4%, respectively. Photolysis, hydrolysis and Microbial degradation of pesticide are the main degradation approaches 19 , 20 . Bag is made of the inner bag (red plastic) and the outer bag (yellow outside and black inside) in our experiment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides in apple

Nie

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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In this study, the effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, carbendazim and difenoconazole) in apple were investigated. The dissipation behavior of four pesticides were assessed after spraying on three occasions with the first spray at 2 months before harvest and the subsequent sprays at 10-day intervals at recommended doses of 5.4, 45, 135 and 975 g. a.i.ha−1, respectively. The dissipation experiment results demonstrated that apple fruit bagging reduced the initial deposits of four pesticides from 72.2% to 95.3%, prolonged the half-lives from 50.4% to 81.1%. The ultimate residues of abamectin, imidacloprid, carbendazim, and difenoconazole in bagged apple were far below the residues of unbagged apple. The dietary risks of four pesticides were assessed according to the ultimate residues and acceptable daily intakes (ADIs). The hazard quotient (HQ) were 0.013% to 43.415% for different pesticides. Fruit bagging reduced the HQ of four pesticides from 29.7% to 94.8%. Fruit bagging reduced the dietary risk of four pesticides in apple.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photolysis, hydrolysis and Microbial degradation of pesticide are the main degradation approaches 19 , 20 . The bagged apple was growing in almost dark and dry conditions, so the photolysis and hydrolysis of pesticides in bagged apple were weak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides in apple

Nie

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The typical concentration of atmospheric O 3 is known to be 20-70 ppb 4) and its participation in the degradation of pesticides has been reported on soil and glass surfaces, 20,21) and plant foliage. 13,21) Ozonolysis of alkenyl bond is a typical reaction and has been previously reported for some pyrethroids. 13,22) Under light conditions at Ͼ290 nm, O 3 is scarcely photo-produced from molecular oxygen (O 2 ) because higher energy at Յ240 nm is required for the reaction; 23) therefore, ozonide IX (1,2,4-trioxolane) was most likely to be formed from the primary ozonide (1,2,3-trioxolane) via reaction with atmospheric O 3 introduced into the reaction chamber.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodegradation of insecticide metofluthrin on soil, clay minerals and glass surfaces

et al. 2011

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Photodegradation of pyrethroid insecticide metofluthrin (I) [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)benzyl (EZ )-(1R,3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(prop-1-enyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate] on soil, clay minerals, and glass surfaces was examined using a xenon arc lamp (Ͼ290 nm). I was rapidly photodegraded via oxidation of the double bond at the prop-1-enyl moiety and cleavage of the ester linkage followed by mineralization to carbon dioxide, while photoisomerization to other isomers was a minor route. The major photodegradates having an intact ester linkage were the caronaldehyde and carboxylic acid derivatives formed via 1,2,4-trioxolane (ozonide) and the diol derivatives formed via epoxide, which strongly suggested the involvement of ozone and hydrogen peroxide as the active oxygen species.

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“…Despite its complexity, the pesticide volatilization from plants can be experimentally determined at different scales, ranging from the field scale, via semifield experiments, to laboratory studies (Bedos et al, 2010; Kromer et al, 2004; Kubiak, 2002; Stork et al, 1994; van den Berg et al, 1995; Wolters, 2003). Furthermore, measured volatilization rates at semifield and field scale can be used to test models describing the volatilization process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measuring Leaf Penetration and Volatilization of Chlorothalonil and Epoxiconazole Applied on Wheat Leaves in a Laboratory-Scale Experiment

et al. 2015

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Estimation of pesticide volatilization from plants is difficult because of our poor understanding of foliar penetration by pesticides, which governs the amount of pesticide available for volatilization from the leaf surface. The description of foliar penetration is still incomplete because experimental measurements of this complex process are difficult. In this study, the dynamics of leaf penetration of C-chlorothalonil and C-epoxiconazole applied to wheat leaves were measured in a volatilization chamber, which allowed us to simultaneously measure pesticide volatilization. Fungicide penetration into leaves was characterized using a well-defined sequential extraction procedure distinguishing pesticide fractions residing at different foliar compartments; this enabled us to accurately measure the penetration rate constant into the leaves. The effect of pesticide formulation was also examined by comparing formulated and pure epoxiconazole. We observed a strong effect of formulation on leaf penetration in the case of a systemic product. Furthermore, the penetration rate constant of formulated epoxiconazole was almost three times that of pure epoxiconazole (0.47 ± 0.20 and 0.17 ± 0.07, respectively). Our experimental results showed high recovery rates of the radioactivity applied within the range of 90.5 to 105.2%. Moreover, our results confirm that pesticide physicochemical properties are key factors in understanding leaf penetration of pesticide and its volatilization. This study provides important and useful parameters for mechanistic models describing volatilization of fungicides applied to plants, which are scarce in the literature.

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Photodegradation and volatility of pesticides

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

The effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides in apple

The effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides in apple

Photodegradation of insecticide metofluthrin on soil, clay minerals and glass surfaces

Measuring Leaf Penetration and Volatilization of Chlorothalonil and Epoxiconazole Applied on Wheat Leaves in a Laboratory-Scale Experiment

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