Photodegradation of benzene, toluene and xylenes under visible light applying N-doped mixed TiO2 and ZnO catalysts

Synthesis, characterisation and photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2–Nb2O5 mixed oxides

“…The ratio of anatase/rutile for Ti calcined at 500 • C was found to be 0.49. As discussed in previous work [10], the presence of rutile phase together with anatase phase can be beneficial since it promotes the electron transport to the conduction band of rutile phase, which is adjacent to anatase phase, decreasing the recombination rate. In this sense, the presence of rutile phase acts as a defect or impurity and causes high photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles when compared to anatase phase only nanoparticles [10,34,35].…”

“…Comparing the results, it can be observed that the BET areas of the N-doped semiconductors are higher than that of the undoped semiconductors and the increasing in calcination temperature leads to the reduction of BET area. The increase in the specific surface area of N-doped materials, when compared to undoped materials, is an effect of the presence of nitrogen that leads to a controlled nucleation and growth of crystallites, and formation of a well-ordered mesoporous structure [10,29,30].…”

“…Despite the fact that titanium dioxide is an extensively used photocatalyst that presents a well-known structure, high stability and activity under ultraviolet light, its photocatalytic activity remains unsatisfactory, especially, due to charge recombination and the need of ultraviolet radiation for activation [2,10]. Therefore, many studies have been emerging, reporting modifications on TiO 2 in order to achieve better activity, e.g.…”

“…Recent investigations showed that the interstitial doping of nitrogen on mixed TiO 2 -ZnO catalysts improved visible light activity by decreasing the band gap energy [10].…”

Comparative studies on Ag3PO4/BiPO4–metal-organic framework–graphene-based nanocomposites for photocatalysis application

“…Currently, some new photocatalysts, mostly focused on the metal oxide and composite metal oxide semiconductors, have been examined in order to overcome the drawbacks of TiO 2 as the benchmark material for many photoconversion processes [7][8][9][10][11][12]. For this purpose, new type inorganic nonmetal salts of oxy-acid photocatalyst such as Ag 3 PO 4 /BiPO 4 (AB) are the most promising materials.…”