Photodynamic-based combinatorial cancer therapy strategies: Tuning the properties of nanoplatform according to oncotherapy needs

Chen, Chen; Wu, Changsong; Yu, Jiang; Zhu, Xiaohui; Wu, Yihan; Liu, Jinliang; Zhang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214495

Cited by 66 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 263 publications

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“…Compared with the obvious oxygen dependence of conventional type II PSs, type I OSPs could unprecedentedly realize excellent tumor PDT efficacy in complicated and oxygen-deficient tumor tissues. To further optimize the tumor treatment efficacy, other therapeutic techniques such as photothermal therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and gas therapy can be combined with type I PDT for improved cancer theranostics [82,83]. The emergence of type I PDT technique has provided a new approach and choice for treating severe diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the organic semiconducting photosensitizers for hypoxia-tolerant type I photodynamic therapy

Hu¹,

Zhu²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Nano TransMed

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to treat cancer and microbial infections due to its minimal invasiveness, high spatiotemporal selectivity, tissue specificity, and low toxicity. Depending on the reactive oxygen species generation mechanisms, PDT can be classified as type I and type II. To date, most reported photosensitizers are based on the type II PDT mechanism, which produces toxic singlet oxygen and requires an abundant and continuous supply of oxygen molecules. Unfortunately, in typical solid tumor microenvironments, vascular abnormalities and rapid metabolisms lead to oxygen deficiency, severely compromising type II PDT's effectiveness. To address this issue, type I PDT with less oxygen consumption has been developed as an effective way to overcome the limitations of traditional type II PDT. In this contribution, we focus on the recent advances in type I organic semiconducting photosensitizers (OSPs), including organic semiconducting small molecules, conjugated polymers, and covalent organic frameworks for advanced hypoxia-tolerant PDT. The conceptual framework and general properties of these OSPs are firstly introduced, followed by introducing OSPs with different chemical structures for type I PDT. Finally, the overall conclusion, insightful perspective, and future direction of the efforts of OSPs for advanced biological applications are outlined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the organic semiconducting photosensitizers for hypoxia-tolerant type I photodynamic therapy

Hu¹,

Zhu²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Nano TransMed

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“…One example shown by others is the activation of macrophages by laser irradiation [ 49 ] as an additional benefit of such a multi-targeted strategy. Furthermore, novel concepts enhancing the intra-tumoral oxygen supply, might help to overcome hypoxia-induced tumor cell resistance to PDT and IR-treatment [ 18 ], especially if both methods are simultaneously applied in X-PDT [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PDT uses a topically or systemically administered nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) which is activated by visible light of a specific wavelength and preferably accumulates in tumor cells. In the presence of oxygen, activation of the PS leads to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing cytotoxic cell death, damage of tumor vascularization, and an inflammatory reaction [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Furthermore, immunogenic cell death (ICD) triggered by PDT releases damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), that activate innate and adaptive immunity [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects by Photodynamic Treatment of Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro

et al. 2022

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Multimodal treatment adding immunotherapy and photodynamic treatment (PDT) to standard therapy might improve the devastating therapeutic outcome of glioblastoma multiforme patients. As a first step, we provide investigations to optimize dendritic cell (DC) vaccination by using PDT and ionizing radiation (IR) to achieve maximal synergistic effects. In vitro experiments were conducted on murine glioblastoma GL261 cells, primary DCs differentiated from bone marrow and T cells, isolated from the spleen. Induction of cell death, reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of proliferation by tetrahydroporphyrin-tetratosylat (THPTS)-PDT and IR were confirmed by WST-1, LDH, ROS, and BrdU assay. Tumor cargo (lysate or cells) for DC load was treated with different combinations of THPTS-PDT, freeze/thaw cycles, and IR and immunogenicity analyzed by induction of T-cell activation. Cellular markers (CD11c, 83, 86, 40, 44, 69, 3, 4, 8, PD-L1) were quantified by flow cytometry. Cytotoxic T-cell response was evaluated by calcein AM assay. Immunogenicity of THPTS-PDT-treated GL261 cells lysate was superior to IR-treated lysate, or treated whole cells proven by increased DC phagocytosis, T-cell adhesion, proliferation, cytolytic activity, and cytokine release. These data strongly support the application of PDT together with IR for optimal immunogenic cell death induction in tumor cell lysate used to pulse DC vaccines.

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“…In the last few years, PDT has attracted a lot of attention as a promising method in cancer treatment, due to its innovative advantages, being a noninvasive procedure causing little damage to organs and tissues and being unrelated to multidrug resistance [ 82 ]. The most used treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, methods that result in severe side effects, such as loss of smell and blurred vision.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Biotechnological Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Cancer Research and Treatment—From Benchtop to Clinical Practice

et al. 2022

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic approach that has been applied in studies for the treatment of various diseases. In this context, PDT has been suggested as a new therapy or adjuvant therapy to traditional cancer therapy. The mode of action of PDT consists of the generation of singlet oxygen (¹O2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the administration of a compound called photosensitizer (PS), a light source, and molecular oxygen (3O2). This combination generates controlled photochemical reactions (photodynamic mechanisms) that produce ROS, such as singlet oxygen (¹O2), which can induce apoptosis and/or cell death induced by necrosis, degeneration of the tumor vasculature, stimulation of the antitumor immune response, and induction of inflammatory reactions in the illuminated region. However, the traditional compounds used in PDT limit its application. In this context, compounds of biotechnological origin with photosensitizing activity in association with nanotechnology are being used in PDT, aiming at its application in several types of cancer but with less toxicity toward neighboring tissues and better absorption of light for more aggressive types of cancer. In this review, we present studies involving innovatively developed PS that aimed to improve the efficiency of PDT in cancer treatment. Specifically, we focused on the clinical translation and application of PS of natural origin on cancer.

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Photodynamic-based combinatorial cancer therapy strategies: Tuning the properties of nanoplatform according to oncotherapy needs

Cited by 66 publications

References 263 publications

Insights into the organic semiconducting photosensitizers for hypoxia-tolerant type I photodynamic therapy

Insights into the organic semiconducting photosensitizers for hypoxia-tolerant type I photodynamic therapy

Immunomodulatory Effects by Photodynamic Treatment of Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro

Development of Biotechnological Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Cancer Research and Treatment—From Benchtop to Clinical Practice

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