Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide using a novel particle electrode

Wang, Dejun; Li, Hui; Wu, Guangrui; Guo, Rui; Li, Lin; Zhao, Chaocheng; Liu, Fang; Wang, Yongqiang

doi:10.1039/c7ra11658f

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To avoid the associated costs, solar energy can be used as a free energy source and presents a truly clean technology. To date, there have been very few real solar experiments reported using PECs, although xenon lamps that can simulate the solar spectrum have been used [50]. The problem associated with real solar irradiation is the daily variation in solar irradiance, leading to variation in treatment times and a lack of efficient or suitable reactor designs.…”

Section: Photoelectrocatalytic Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the initial examination of photoelectrodes, small-scale experimental reactors are required to adequately control the reaction parameters, e.g., irradiation profile, temperature, mass transport, aeration, etc. A common experimental reactor is a two or three electrode system using a stirred tank reactor, commonly with a water jacket to regulate temperature [50][51][52][53]. A typical set-up is displayed in Figure 8a.…”

Section: Experimental Reactors For Photoelectrode Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

McMichael

Fernández‐Ibáñez

Byrne

2021

Water

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The photoexcitation of suitable semiconducting materials in aqueous environments can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can inactivate microorganisms and degrade a range of chemical compounds. In the case of heterogeneous photocatalysis, semiconducting materials may suffer from fast recombination of electron–hole pairs and require post-treatment to separate the photocatalyst when a suspension system is used. To reduce recombination and improve the rate of degradation, an externally applied electrical bias can be used where the semiconducting material is immobilised onto an electrically conducive support and connected to a counter electrode. These electrochemically assisted photocatalytic systems have been termed “photoelectrocatalytic” (PEC). This review will explain the fundamental mechanism of PECs, photoelectrodes, the different types of PEC reactors reported in the literature, the (photo)electrodes used, the contaminants degraded, the key findings and prospects in the research area.

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Section: Photoelectrocatalytic Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Reactors For Photoelectrode Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

McMichael

Fernández‐Ibáñez

Byrne

2021

Water

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“…The experiments also show that in addition to hydroxyl radicals, SMT also has direct oxidation and another degradation mechanism in the degradation process. Thus, the effective degradation of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe three-dimensional particle electrode reactor is the symergistic result of both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation (Wang et al, 2017). The main reaction mechanism is shown in Figure 6b.…”

Section: The In Uence Of Cell Voltage On Smt Removal E Ciencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Electrocatalytic Degradation of Sulfameth Thiadiazole by GAC@Ni/Fe Three-Dimensional Particle Electrode

Lin

Zhu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In this work, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrodes were prepared and employed for the degradation of Sulfamethylthiadiazole (SMT) by three-dimensional electrocatalytic technology.The effects of particle electrode bi-metal loading ratio, cell voltage, particle electrode dosage, electrode plate spacing and SMT initial concentration on SMT removal were studied.In addition, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode was analyzed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) to characterize . which indicated that a significant amount of Iron-nickel oxide were formed on the surface of GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode.The results indicated that when the nickel-iron loading ratio is 1:1, the SMT removal effect is the best, and the removal rate can reach 90.89% within 30 minutes,Compared with the granular activated carbon without bimetal, the removal efficiency is increased by 37.58%. The degradation of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe particle three-dimensional electrode reactor is the joint result of both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation. The contribution rates of direct oxidation of anode and particle electrode and indirect oxidation of ·OH in the degradation are 32%, 27% and 41%, respectively. Based on the intermediate detected by ultra high liquid chromatography and the calculation of bond energy of SMT molecule by Gauss software，the degradation pathway of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe three-dimensional electrode reactor is proposed. This research provides a green, healthy and effective method for removing sulfonamide micro-polluted wastewater.

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“…The preparation procedure of tBu-TPyzPzCo/CB refers to the author's previous work [38]. In a typical experiment, tBu-TPyzPzCo was synthesized by mixing pivalil (1) with 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile (2), urea (3), and cobalt chloride hydrate (4) in the presence of heat, of which a molar ratio of 1:1:4:0.5 from 1:2:3:4 obtained the best result.…”

Section: Procedures For the Preparation Of Tbu-tpyzpzco/cbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The viscosity and concentration of the HPAM solution were sampled every 20 min and measured immediately. The concentration was tested by the starch-cadmium iodide method [16,38] using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and the viscosity was measured by a digital viscometer (DV-II + Pro, Brookfield, IL, USA). All measurements were performed at room temperature.…”

Section: Catalytic Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Three Catalytic Processes in Degradation of HPAM by tBu-TPyzPzCo

Wang

Li²,

Jiang

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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The present study describes a two-step synthesis process for the cobalt complex of tetra-2,3-(5,6-di-tert-butyl-pyrazino) porphyrazine (tBu-TPyzPzCo). The product was ultrasonically impregnated onto carbon black (CB) to prepare a supported catalyst (tBu-TPyzPzCo/CB). We built a split photoelectric catalytic device to test the performance of photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). The results confirm that HPAM exhibited more efficient degradation in the presence of a supporting catalyst using the photoelectrocatalytic process than by photocatalytic or electrocatalytic oxidation—or even the sum of the two in saline water. The photoelectrocatalytic reaction confirmed that the process conforms to quasi-first order reaction kinetics, while the reaction rate constants were 6.03 times that of photocatalysis and 3.97 times that of electrocatalysis. We also compared the energy consumption of the three processes and found that the photoelectrocatalytic process has the highest energy efficiency.

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Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide using a novel particle electrode

Abstract: Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines and their metal derivatives (TPyzPzs) are the most widely studied class of phthalocyanines azaanalogues.

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

A Review of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

A Review of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Electrocatalytic Degradation of Sulfameth Thiadiazole by GAC@Ni/Fe Three-Dimensional Particle Electrode

Comparison of Three Catalytic Processes in Degradation of HPAM by tBu-TPyzPzCo

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