Photoelectrocatalytic principles for meaningfully studying photocatalyst properties and photocatalysis processes: From fundamental theory to environmental applications

Liu, Jiafang; Zhang, Shengbo; Wang, Weikang; Zhang, Haimin

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2023.06.038

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 374 publications

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“…Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC), as a new technology using solar energy, was developed not only for the catalytic production of energy, but also for the degradation of water pollutants, solving energy and environmental problems [1][2][3][4][5]. PEC can directly utilize the photogenerated electron-hole pairs in semiconductor catalysts to produce fuel and degrade pollutants, which was usually used for production of H 2 and reduction of CO 2 [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Water

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As photoelectrochemical catalyst material, Z-scheme heterojunction 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 composites were designed through a hydrothermal-calcination method. The morphology and structure were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, DRS, and Mott–Schottky analysis, and the photoelectrochemical properties were explored with the transient photocurrent and electrochemical impedance. The construction of Z-scheme heterojunction markedly heightened the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs of WO3 and enhanced the light absorption intensity, retaining the strong redox ability of the photocatalyst. The 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 was used as a photocathode for production of H2O2. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the yield of H2O2 can reach 1335 μmol·L−1·h−1. The results of free radial capture and rotating disc test revealed the existence of direct one-step two-electron and indirect two-step one-electron oxygen reduction to produce H2O2. Based on the excellent H2O2 production performance of the Z-scheme heterojunction photoelectrocatalytic material, 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 and stainless-steel mesh were used to construct a dual-cathode photoelectric-Fenton system for in-situ degradation of a variety of pollutants in water, such as dye (Methyl orange, Rhodamine B), Tetracycline, sulfamethazine, and ciprofloxacin. The fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to detect hydroxyl radicals with terephthalic acid as a probe. Also, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism was revealed, indicating the dual-cathode photoelectron-Fenton system displayed satisfactory potential on degradation of different types of environmental pollutants. This work provided insights for designing high-activity photoelectrocatalytic materials to produce H2O2 and provided possibility for construction of a photoelectric-Fenton system without extra additions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Water

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Phosphotungstic Acid Clusters Decorated Znln₂S₄ Nanoflowers as Molecular‐Scale S‐Scheme Heterojunctions for Simultaneous H₂ Evolution and Benzyl Alcohol Upgrading

Wang,

Mei,

Khan

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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Simultaneous utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes to achieve overall redox reactions is attractive but still far from practical application. The emerging step (S)‐scheme mechanism has proven to be an ideal approach to inhibit charge recombination and supply photoinduced charges with highest redox potentials. Herein, a hierarchical phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, HPW)@Znln2S4 (ZISW) heterojunction was prepared through one‐pot hydrothermal method for simultaneous hydrogen (H2) evolution and benzyl alcohol upgrading. The fabricated HPW‐based heterojunctions indicated much enhanced visible‐light absorption, promoted photogenerated charge transfer and inhibited charge recombination, owing to hierarchical architecture based on visible‐light responsive Znln2S4 microspheres, and S‐scheme charge transfer pathway. The S‐scheme mechanism was further investigated by free‐radical trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. Moreover, the wettability of composite heterojunction was improved by the modification of hydrophilic HPW, contributing to gaining active hydrogen (H+) from water sustainably. The optimal ZISW‐30 heterojunction photocatalyst indicated an enhanced hydrogen evolution rate of 27.59 mmol g–1 h–1 in benzyl alcohol (10 vol.%) solution under full‐spectrum irradiation, along with highest benzaldehyde production rate is 8.32 mmol g–1 h–1. This work provides a promising guideline for incorporating HPW into S‐scheme heterojunctions to achieve efficient overall redox reactions.

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Advances on Single‐Atom‐Based Dual‐Site Photocatalysts: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, and Applications

Shou,

Zhao,

Wei

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as leading‐edge research in the field of photocatalysis due to outstanding photocatalytic performance, maximum atomic utilization efficiency, and well‐defined catalytic active sites. However, the singular functionality of active sites in SACs restricts their applications in complex redox reactions involving multiple intermediates and reaction pathways. To circumvent this limitation, a second site comprising single atoms (SA), alloys, clusters, or nanoparticles is proposed to establish SA‐based dual‐site photocatalysts (SA DSPs). While maintaining 100% atomic utilization, the second site and site–site collaboration endow SA DSPs with superior photocatalytic activities to surpass those of SACs. In this review, the latest investigations on SA DSPs featuring diverse compositions, electronic and geometric configurations, site–site collaboration, and metal–support interactions are summarized. Thereafter, the mechanisms underlying enhanced photocatalytic activities are elucidated regarding the roles of the dual sites in charge‐carrier dynamics and surface reactivity. Furthermore, the state‐of‐the‐art applications in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, and methane oxidation, etc., over SA DSPs are discussed. It is anticipated that this review will offer insights into precise control and design of dual sites in photocatalysts, thereby advancing photocatalysis toward commercial viability.

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Photoelectrocatalytic principles for meaningfully studying photocatalyst properties and photocatalysis processes: From fundamental theory to environmental applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 374 publications

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Phosphotungstic Acid Clusters Decorated Znln₂S₄ Nanoflowers as Molecular‐Scale S‐Scheme Heterojunctions for Simultaneous H₂ Evolution and Benzyl Alcohol Upgrading

Advances on Single‐Atom‐Based Dual‐Site Photocatalysts: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, and Applications

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Photoelectrocatalytic principles for meaningfully studying photocatalyst properties and photocatalysis processes: From fundamental theory to environmental applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 374 publications

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO3@Co2SnO4 Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H2O2 and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Phosphotungstic Acid Clusters Decorated Znln2S4 Nanoflowers as Molecular‐Scale S‐Scheme Heterojunctions for Simultaneous H2 Evolution and Benzyl Alcohol Upgrading

Advances on Single‐Atom‐Based Dual‐Site Photocatalysts: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, and Applications

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Phosphotungstic Acid Clusters Decorated Znln₂S₄ Nanoflowers as Molecular‐Scale S‐Scheme Heterojunctions for Simultaneous H₂ Evolution and Benzyl Alcohol Upgrading