“…However, the development of viable, simple photoelectrochemical tandem cells is hindered by difficulties in finding efficient, stable, and inexpensive photocathodes. 10,11 In this regard, several binary and ternary metal oxides, such as CuO (E g = 1.0 eV), 12,13 Cu 2 O (E g = 2.1 eV), 14,15 CaFe 2 O 4 (E g = 1.9 eV), 16,17 CuBi 2 O 4 (E g = 1.8 eV), 18,19 and CuFeO 2 (E g = 1.5 eV), 20,21 can behave as p-type semiconductors. However, none of them meets the criteria to be considered as practical photocathodes in water-splitting devices (chemical photostability in aqueous environments, efficient light absorption, and low cost).…”