The
photoelectrochemical water splitting of monoclinic bismuth
vanadate (BiVO4) suffers from sluggish charge mobility
as well as substantial charge recombination losses. Here, we treated
the BiVO4 by using a photoassisted self-reduction method
based on the fact that the self-reduction potential of BiVO4 is more positive than its conduction band. The BiVO4 photoanode
subjected to this treatment has a more negative onset potential and
higher photovoltage compared with bare BiVO4. Moreover,
its charge carrier density and mobility are increased and accelerated
compared to bare BiVO4. As a result, the charge separation
efficiency reaches to approximate 94% at 1.23 V vs the reversible
hydrogen electrode (RHE), and the photocurrent densities are 3.18
and 5.84 mA/cm2 (at 1.23 V vs RHE) in the absence and presence
of the sacrificial agent, respectively. In particular, the reduced
BiVO4 with electrocatalysts (FeOOH/NiOOH) achieves a photocurrent
of 5.06 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE, which is 2.54 times higher
than that of the bare BiVO4. This approach provides a new
strategy for designing a semiconductor-based photoanode with superior
performance for photoelectrochemical water splitting.