The rhodium(III) complex [Cp*RhCl(dfppe)]BF4, 1, undergoes rapid stepwise intramolecular
dehydrofluorinative carbon−carbon coupling on addition of proton sponge to produce
[{η5,κP,κP-C5Me3[CH2C6F4-2-P(C6F5)CH2]2-1,3}RhCl]BF4. The reaction requires less than the
stoichiometric quantity of proton sponge and also occurs on addition of Bu
n
4NF or in the
presence of polymer-supported fluoride. NMR studies of reactions between a series of
complexes and proton sponge have revealed the necessary conditions for intramolecular
dehydrofluorinative coupling in pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) phosphine complexes. The complex must be cationic, and the phosphine, which can be either part of a
chelating ligand or monodentate need have only one pentafluorophenyl substituent. The
reaction is rapid where Cp* and C6F5 are held in close proximity. The compounds [Cp*RhCl{(C6F5)2PC6H4SMe-2}]BF4, 7, and the diastereoisomer of [Cp*RhCl{(C6F5)PhPC6H4SMe-2}]BF4, 11a, in which Cp* and C6F5 are cis, undergo rapid coupling on treatment with proton
sponge. The diastereoisomer of [Cp*RhCl{(C6F5)PhPC6H4SMe-2}]BF4, in which Cp* and C6F5
are trans, undergoes isomerization to 11a at a much slower rate than that of coupling.
Cationic complexes of monodentate phosphines, in which there is rotation about the Rh−P
bond, undergo coupling on addition of proton sponge, but at a much slower rate than for 1,
7, and 11a. The structures of [{η5,κP,κP-C5Me4CH2C6F4-2-P(C6F5)CH2CH2P(C6F5)2}RhCl]BF4, [{η5,κP,κS-C5Me4CH2C6F4P(C6F5)C6H4SMe}RhCl]BF4, and [Cp*RhCl2{PEt2(C6F5)}] have
been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.