Photogrammetry Driven Tools to Support the Restoration Of Open-Air Bronze Surfaces of Sculptures: An Integrated Solution Starting From the Experience of the Neptune Fountain in Bologna

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Checking the irreversible process of clean-up is a delicate task that requires a work of synthesis between theoretical knowledge and practical experience, to define an effective operating protocol on a limited patch area to be extended later to the entire artefact's surface. In this paper, we present a new, quick, semi-automated 3D photogrammetry-based solution to support restorers in the open-air bronze artwork cleaning from corrosion and weathering decay. The solution allows the conservators to assess in real time and with a high level of fidelity in colour and shape, the 'surfaces' to be cleaned before, during and after the clear-out treatment. The solution besides allows an effective and valuable support tool for restorers to identify the original layer of the bronze surface, developed and validated during the ongoing restoration of the Neptune Fountain in Bologna.

Evaluating Smartphones Color Fidelity and Metric Accuracy for the 3d Documentation of Small Artifacts

“…Each dataset includes 9 CC with different orientation in the space. Texture map is finally color corrected in order to overcome a limitation of Metashape, which does not manage correctly the color, producing unwanted artefact and -generally -color differences even considerable due to mismatches between the color spaces (Apollonio et. al., 2017a) (Figure 9).…”

“…In our tests we employed a well-established 3D reconstruction pipeline, successfully tested in many heritage case studies Apollonio et al, 2017a;Apollonio et al, 2017b) starting from RAW photographs and consisting of a customized, optimized and automated procedure, able to improve the traditional solution based on SfM and dense stereo matching. The first step deals with a completely automated image preprocessing, aimed at enhancing photograph quality (radiometric calibrated images) carried out by SHAFT application (SAT & HUE Adaptive Fine Tuning (Gaiani and Ballabeni, 2018), and yielding better results during the following photogrammetric processing, i.e.…”

Managing Cultural Heritage With Integrated Services Platform

“…At present the research in the field is wide-ranging and there exists a varied range of new generation web-platforms for CH data management available for end users, even open source, as advanced professional tools designed for operators working in the domain of cultural assets for supporting Cultural Heritage experts in their investigations. Recently developed applications are more or less flexible outside their scope, not all suitable for non-experts users, each one addressing particular needs and giving priority to various aspects: (i) ease of use by non-expert end users both for quick and simple annotation on 3D representations and disseminating analysis and research outcomes (Shi et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2018); (ii) effective visualising methods and viewer platforms for 3D artefacts, complex 3D meshes and point clouds (Galeazzi et al, 2016); (iii) semantic-aware 3D representation for recording and integrating multidisciplinary observations of the conservation state into structural spatialised data (Carboni and De Luca, 2017;Messaoudi et al, 2018), tools for Heritage Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) solutions by enabling semantic 3D data (Apollonio et al, 2017c) and relying on a computational ontology for Cultural Heritage domain modelling and ontology-based web platforms for managing extremely large amounts of information (Garozzo et al, 2017), semantic reality-based 3D digital models of architecture acquired by means of photogrammetric or TLS customised workflows used as documentation containers (Gaiani, 2015) and for hypothetical reconstructions of completely or partly missed architecture (Adembri et al, 2017), 3D environment to annotate textual, numerical or graphical information directly onto the high resolution 3D model (Soler et al, 2017;Apollonio et al, 2018b), Information Systems and advanced diagnostics tools to support restorers in their investigation (Apollonio et al, 2017b;Apollonio et al, 2018a). Another issue was a suitable retrieval system for stored information with relevance for the user and in the form more consistent with his own interests.…”

From Documentation Images to Restauration Support Tools: A Path Following the Neptune Fountain in Bologna Design Process

“…Finally, to understand what is the proper layer we need not only the experience gained by the restorer and specific tests, but also to cross heterogeneous data coming from different sources and fields of knowledge (restoration, chemistry, art history, etc.). To overcome the complex, long and tedious, sometime inaccurate procedure and to have an accurate check of the progress of cleaning work, we developed a new, quick 3D photogrammetrybased solution allowing to compare interactively side-by-side in an OpenGL viewer the bronze surfaces before, during and after the cleaning treatment ( Figure 6) (Apollonio et al, 2017). The solution uses documentation images, and exploits only the restorer expertise and visual ability.…”