Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Gibbons and Siamangs (Hylobates)

Diogo, Rui; Potau, Josep Maria; Pastor, Juan Francisco; dePaz, Felix J.; Ferrero, Eva M.; Bello, Gaëlle; Barbosa, Mercedes; Aziz, M. Ashraf; Burrows, Anne M.; Arias-Martorell, Júlia; Wood, Bernard

doi:10.1201/b11936

Cited by 30 publications

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“…That is, with respect to the muscles in the regions we have investigated, although modern humans accumulated more evolutionary transitions than the other primates included in the cladistic study (Fig. ) these evolutionary transitions did not result in more muscles, or more muscle components (see Diogo et al ., 2008, 2009 a , b , 2010; Diogo & Abdala, ; Diogo & Wood, 2011, 2012 a ). For example, although some of the nine modern human apomorphies acquired since the Pan / Homo split (Fig.…”

Section: The Directionality Of Evolution and The Myth Of Human Complementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also published anatomical atlases of non‐human higher primate taxa (e.g. Diogo et al ., , a , , in press‐ b ) that include descriptions and photographs of all of the muscles, and papers that report the results of comprehensive parsimony and Bayesian cladistic analyses of the myology of these taxa (e.g. Diogo & Wood, 2011, 2012 b ; Diogo, Richmond & Wood, 2012 b ; Diogo, Peng & Wood, ; in press‐ a see Figs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The broader evolutionary lessons to be learned from a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of primate muscle morphology

Diogo

Wood

2013

Biological Reviews

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The present publication reviews the broader evolutionary implications of our long-term study of primate musculature. It summarizes the implications of the study for our understanding of the use of myological characters for phylogenetic reconstruction, for assessing the importance of homoplasy and reversions in evolution, and for our understanding of Dollo's law, the notion of 'direction' in evolution, the common myth of human complexity, the tempo and mode of primate and human evolutionary history, adaptive radiations, the notion that 'common' equals 'primitive' and the influence of morphogenesis on the variability of head, neck, pectoral and upper limb muscles. Among other results our study shows that myological characters are useful for phylogenetic reconstruction. The results also stress the importance of homoplasy and of evolutionary reversions in morphological evolution, and they provide examples of reversions that violate Dollo's law due to the retention of ancestral developmental pathways. They also show that contrary to the idea of a 'general molecular slow-down of hominoids' the rates of muscle evolution at the nodes leading to and within the hominoid clade are higher than those in most other primate clades. However, there is no evidence of a general trend or 'directionality' towards an increasing complexity during the evolutionary history of hominoids and of modern humans in particular, at least regarding the number of muscles or of muscle bundles. The rates of muscle evolution at the major euarchontan and primate nodes are different, but within each major primate clade (Strepsirrhini, Platyrrhini, Cercopithecidae and Hominoidea) the rates at the various nodes, and particularly at the nodes leading to the higher groups (i.e. those including more than one genus) are strikingly similar. Our results also support, in general terms, the assumption that 'common is primitive' and they lend some support for the 'vertebrate-specific model' in the sense that during the divergent events that resulted in these four major primate clades there was more emphasis on postcranial changes than on cranial changes. Our study of primates does not, however, support suggestions that the distal structures of the upper limb are more prone to variation than the proximal ones, or that the topological origins of the upper limb muscles are more prone to evolutionary change than their insertions.

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Section: The Directionality Of Evolution and The Myth Of Human Complementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The broader evolutionary lessons to be learned from a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of primate muscle morphology

Diogo

Wood

2013

Biological Reviews

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“…To address the paucity of data on soft tissues such as muscle, Diogo and colleagues have recently reported the latest results of their long‐term study of the comparative anatomy, homologies, and evolution of the head, neck, pectoral, and forelimb muscles of all major groups of nonprimate vertebrates and of primates based on dissection of hundreds of specimens and on a review of the literature (Diogo et al 2008, 2009a,b, 2010; Diogo and Abdala 2010; Diogo and Wood 2011, 2012). Diogo and Wood (2011) combined data from their dissections with carefully validated information from the literature to undertake the first comprehensive parsimony and Bayesian cladistic analyses of the order primates based on myological data for each of the major primate higher taxa and for a range of outgroups (tree‐shrews, dermopterans, and rodents) (Fig.…”

Section: Time Frame Over Which Lost Traits Were Regained Within the Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Violation of Dollo's Law: Evidence of Muscle Reversions in Primate Phylogeny and Their Implications for the Understanding of the Ontogeny, Evolution, and Anatomical Variations of Modern Humans

Diogo¹,

Wood²

2012

Evolution

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According to Dollo's law, once a complex structure is lost it is unlikely to be reacquired. In this article, we report new data obtained from our myology‐based cladistic analyses of primate phylogeny, which provide evidence of anatomical reversions violating Dollo's law: of the 220 character state changes unambiguously optimized in the most parsimonious primate tree, 28 (13%) are evolutionary reversions, and of these 28 reversions six (21%) occurred in the nodes that lead to the origin of modern humans; nine (32%) violate Dollo's law. In some of these nine cases, the structures that were lost in adults of the last common ancestor and are absent in adults of most subgroups of a clade are actually present in early ontogenetic stages of karyotypically normal individuals as well as in later ontogenetic stages of karyotypically abnormal members of those subgroups. Violations of Dollo's law may thus result from the maintenance of ancestral developmental pathways during long periods of trait absence preceding the reacquisition of the trait through paedomorphic events. For instance, the presence of contrahentes and intermetacarpales in adult chimpanzees is likely due to a prolonged/delayed development of the hand musculature, that is, in this case chimpanzees are more neotenic than modern humans.

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“…For this purpose, here we combine the results of our long‐term project on chordate comparative anatomy, evolution, and development (e.g., Diogo, ; Diogo and Abdala, ; Diogo et al, ), including primates (e.g., Diogo and Wood, ; Diogo et al, ), with our recent work on human ontogeny and birth defects. We hope that this review will disseminate Evo‐Devo‐Anth and encourage others to do more studies in the line of the Evo‐Devo‐P'Anth subfield we are developing and/or to include soft‐tissues in their studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary developmental pathology and anthropology: A new field linking development, comparative anatomy, human evolution, morphological variations and defects, and medicine

Diogo

Smith

Ziermann

2015

Developmental Dynamics

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We introduce a new subfield of the recently created field of Evolutionary-Developmental-Anthropology (Evo-Devo-Anth): Evolutionary-Developmental-Pathology-and-Anthropology (Evo-Devo-P'Anth). This subfield combines experimental and developmental studies of nonhuman model organisms, biological anthropology, chordate comparative anatomy and evolution, and the study of normal and pathological human development. Instead of focusing on other organisms to try to better understand human development, evolution, anatomy, and pathology, it places humans as the central case study, i.e., as truly model organism themselves. We summarize the results of our recent Evo-Devo-P'Anth studies and discuss long-standing questions in each of the broader biological fields combined in this subfield, paying special attention to the links between: (1) Human anomalies and variations, nonpentadactyly, homeotic transformations, and "nearest neighbor" vs. "find and seek" muscleskeleton associations in limb1facial muscles vs. other head muscles; (2) Developmental constraints, the notion of "phylotypic stage," internalism vs. externalism, and the "logic of monsters" vs. "lack of homeostasis" views about human birth defects; (3) Human evolution, reversions, atavisms, paedomorphosis, and peromorphosis; (4) Scala naturae, Haeckelian recapitulation, von Baer's laws, and parallelism between phylogeny and development, here formally defined as "Phylo-Devo parallelism"; and (5) Patau, Edwards, and Down syndrome (trisomies 13, 18, 21), atavisms, apoptosis, heart malformations, and medical implications. Developmental Dynamics 244:1357-1374, 2015. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Gibbons and Siamangs (Hylobates)

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

The broader evolutionary lessons to be learned from a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of primate muscle morphology

The broader evolutionary lessons to be learned from a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of primate muscle morphology

Violation of Dollo's Law: Evidence of Muscle Reversions in Primate Phylogeny and Their Implications for the Understanding of the Ontogeny, Evolution, and Anatomical Variations of Modern Humans

Evolutionary developmental pathology and anthropology: A new field linking development, comparative anatomy, human evolution, morphological variations and defects, and medicine

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