Photoinduced binding of malachite green copolymer to parallel G-quadruplex DNA

Abstract

Irradiation induced binding of photoresponsive polymer to G-quadruplex DNA while the polymer has negligible affinity under dark conditions.

Reprograming cancer cells by a BODIPY G-quadruplex stabiliser

“…The binding constant for G4 was determined using UV-Vis titration and the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. 16 The dissociation constant is determined to be 0.38 mM, which is as good as the best ligands in the literature (Fig. S1, ESI †).…”

Discriminating between Parallel, Anti-Parallel and Hybrid G-Quadruplexes: Mechanistic Details on Their Binding to Small Molecules

“…Another, totally different class of molecules that may deserve some comment is that of triphenylcarbenium derivatives, such as triarylmethane dyes. Crystal violet is not so selective (only a slight preference for antiparallel forms) [81], but malachite green, linked to a poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyethylene copolymer (Figure 7d), showed a preference for parallel G4s over mixed parallel/antiparallel structures according to a binding that is absent in the dark but can be photoinduced [82]. The new perspective of turning on the binding was inspected also because of the possible toxicity of the dye probe due to cyanide and radicals production; however, the process was found to be non-cytotoxic, probably thanks to the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrophilic polymer.…”

“…Arylstilbazolium species are other photoisomerizable compounds that showed interesting light/geometry dependent binding features: bis(vinylquinolinium)benzene (Figure 7e) could be switched by light between E,E and E,Z isomers, with E,E favourably interacting with antiparallel basket-type G4s and E,Z preferring parallel propeller-type c-MYC [83]. [79,80], (c) [56], (d) [82] and (e) [83]. Red letters evidence parallel G4s' high selectivity, blue letters correspond to molecules selective for antiparallel topology, and the systems with other/mixed behaviour have black lettering.…”

“…Red letters evidence parallel G4s' high selectivity, blue letters correspond to molecules selective for antiparallel topology, and the systems with other/mixed behaviour have black lettering. [79,80], (c) [56], (d) [82] and (e) [83]. Red letters evidence parallel G4s' high selectivity, blue letters correspond to molecules selective for antiparallel topology, and the systems with other/mixed behaviour have black lettering.…”

“…Figure 7. Molecular structures of the other selective G4 binders reviewed here: (a)[79], (b)[79,80], (c)[56], (d)[82] and (e)[83]. Red letters evidence parallel G4s' high selectivity, blue letters correspond to molecules selective for antiparallel topology, and the systems with other/mixed behaviour have black lettering.…”