Photoinduced Curling of Organic Molecular Crystal Nanowires

Kim, Tae-Hyung; Al-Muhanna, Muhanna K.; Al-Suwaidan, Salem D.; Al‐Kaysi, Rabih O.; Bardeen, Christopher J.

doi:10.1002/ange.201302323

Cited by 124 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Various types of photomechanical behaviors such as contraction [8,10], expansion [11], OPEN ACCESS bending [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17], separation [18], twisting [19], and rolling [12] have been reported so far. Although photochromic compounds such as diarylethenes [8,19], furylfulgide [20], azobenzene [21,22], anthracene carboxylates [23][24][25][26][27][28], salicylideneaniline [29], 4-chlorocinnamic acid [30], 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene salt [31], benzylidenedimethylimidazolinone [32], and others [33] exhibit photochemical reactions in the crystalline phase, their photomechanical motions in the crystal are almost bending. It is essential for the development of the research field of photomechanical crystals to investigate the crystal bending behavior in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Photoinduced Bending Speed of Diarylethene Crystals

et al. 2015

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Abstract:We investigated photoinduced crystal bending behavior of various photochromic diarylethenes. In all the diarylethene derivatives we used in this work, the relationship between the initial photoinduced bending speed and the crystal thickness was well explained by the easy-handled Timoshenkoʼs bimetal model. Moreover, we proposed a quantitative analysis method to reveal the relationship between the bending speed and the molecular structure of diarylethenes. These results provide the quantitative evaluation method of the photoinduced crystal bending speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Photoinduced Bending Speed of Diarylethene Crystals

et al. 2015

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“…The capability of rapid energy transfer through the dense and ordered packing of molecular single crystals evolves as a new platform for efficient actuation. Dynamic single crystals capable of bending, twisting, curling, rolling or locomotion [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] are prospective candidates for the design of dynamic elements, including artificial tissues and components in microfluidic devices. The fast energy transfer secured by efficient coupling between the thermal/light energy and mechanical energy stands as their main asset towards the design of fast actuators.…”

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confidence: 99%

Colossal positive and negative thermal expansion and thermosalient effect in a pentamorphic organometallic martensite

et al. 2014

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The thermosalient effect is an extremely rare propensity of certain crystalline solids for self-actuation by elastic deformation or by a ballistic event. Here we present direct evidence for the driving force behind this impressive crystal motility. Crystals of a prototypical thermosalient material, (phenylazophenyl)palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate, can switch between five crystal structures (a-e) that are related by four phase transitions including one thermosalient transition (a2g). The mechanical effect is driven by a uniaxial negative expansion that is compensated by unusually large positive axial expansion (260 Â 10 -6 K -1 ) with volumetric expansion coefficients (E250 Â 10 -6 K -1 ) that are among the highest values reported in molecular solids thus far. The habit plane advances at B10 4 times the rate observed with non-thermosalient transitions. This rapid expansion of the crystal following the phase switching is the driving force for occurrence of the thermosalient effect.

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“…If these two species phase separate, they can provide a sort of built‐in bimorph structure even in very small crystals. A second example of how reactant‐product mixtures can drive complex motions is the recent observation of photoinduced nanowire curling in our lab 74. Using either the cis or trans isomer of a novel anthracene‐9‐(1,3‐butadiene) derivative, dimethyl‐2(3‐(anthracen‐9‐yl)allylidene)malonate (DMAAM) that can be isomerized using visible light, we grew single crystal nanowires.…”

Section: Photomechanical Nanocrystals and Microcrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Snapshots showing coiling of a nanowire composed of ( E )‐DMAAM after 1 s of light exposure at time 0 s. Scale bars: 10 μm. Reprinted with permission from reference 74. …”

Section: Photomechanical Nanocrystals and Microcrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Photomechanical Materials

et al. 2014

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Organic molecules can transform photons into Angstrom-scale motions by undergoing photochemical reactions. Ordered media, for example, liquid crystals or molecular crystals, can align these molecular-scale motions to produce motion on much larger (micron to millimeter) length scales. In this Review, we describe the basic principles that underlie organic photomechanical materials, starting with a brief survey of molecular photochromic systems that have been used as elements of photomechanical materials. We then describe various options for incorporating these active elements into a solid-state material, including dispersal in a polymer matrix, covalent attachment to a polymer chain, or self-assembly into molecular crystals. Particular emphasis is placed on ordered media, such as liquid-crystal elastomers and molecular crystals, that have been shown to produce motion on large (micron to millimeter) length scales. We also discuss other mechanisms for generating photomechanical motion that do not involve photochemical reactions, such as photothermal expansion and photoinduced charge transfer. Finally, we identify areas for future research, ranging from the study of basic phenomena in solid-state photochemistry, to molecular and host matrix design, and the optimization of photoexcitation conditions. The ultimate realization of photon-fueled micromachines will likely involve advances spanning the disciplines of chemistry, physics and engineering.

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Photoinduced Curling of Organic Molecular Crystal Nanowires

Cited by 124 publications

References 26 publications

Quantitative Evaluation of Photoinduced Bending Speed of Diarylethene Crystals

Quantitative Evaluation of Photoinduced Bending Speed of Diarylethene Crystals

Colossal positive and negative thermal expansion and thermosalient effect in a pentamorphic organometallic martensite

Organic Photomechanical Materials

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