Photoluminescence Upconversion Spectroscopy

Abstract

The basic physical concepts and main characteristics of transient photoluminescence upconversion spectroscopy, including requirements for nonlinear crystals, acceptance angle, quantum efficiency for upconversion, group velocity mismatch, and photometric calibration, are presented. The main aspects relevant to building an ultrafast upconversion spectrometer are emphasized. Single‐wavelength and broadband implementations of the technique, as well as photoluminescence upconversion microscope, have been presented and discussed. Application examples of the technique in different fields of physics, chemistry, and biology have been presented.

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanism of Ultrafast Pfr-State Photoisomerization in Bathy Bacteriophytochrome PaBphP

“…29 Similarly, the low-frequency coherent oscillation modes were reported in phytochromes Pr state and other photoreceptors. [30][31][32][33] In photoactive yellow protein (PYP), the observed low-frequency modes of 50 and 150 cm −1 are proposed to trigger the photoisomerization. 31 Also in iron-based heme proteins, the 40 cm −1 mode was observed which is originated from the core of the porphyrin.…”

“…[30][31][32][33] In photoactive yellow protein (PYP), the observed low-frequency modes of 50 and 150 cm −1 are proposed to trigger the photoisomerization. 31 Also in iron-based heme proteins, the 40 cm −1 mode was observed which is originated from the core of the porphyrin. 32 Furthermore, the low frequencies around 60 cm −1 also fall within the range of some protein modes.…”