Photon confinement in photonic crystal nanocavities

Lalanne, Philippe; Sauvan, Christophe; Hugonin, Jean Paul

doi:10.1002/lpor.200810018

Cited by 156 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…This increase at longer wavelength is concomitant with the increase in the group index n g [4], suggesting effects of slow light on the propagation losses. The reflectivity parameter R varies between 98.2 and 99.6% in the 900-950nm wavelength range; these high reflectivities are consistent with computations of reflectivity for related cavity structures [20]. The propagation loss should increase towards the photonic band gap due to the higher group index n g .…”

Section: Analysis Of Propagation Lossessupporting

confidence: 82%

Propagation losses in photonic crystal waveguides: effects of band tail absorption and waveguide dispersion

Rigal¹,

Joanesarson²,

Lyasota³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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Section: Analysis Of Propagation Lossessupporting

confidence: 82%

Propagation losses in photonic crystal waveguides: effects of band tail absorption and waveguide dispersion

Rigal¹,

Joanesarson²,

Lyasota³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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“…This was shown in [28] to be a good approximation even for defect cavities as short as a few lattice periods. The effective length of the cavity is L ∼ = (N + 1)a, where N is the number of missing holes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Threshold Characteristics of Slow-Light Photonic Crystal Lasers

Xue

Ottaviano

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The threshold properties of photonic crystal quantum dot lasers operating in the slow-light regime are investigated experimentally and theoretically. Measurements show that, in contrast to conventional lasers, the threshold gain attains a minimum value for a specific cavity length. The experimental results are explained by an analytical theory for the laser threshold that takes into account the effects of slow light and random disorder due to unavoidable fabrication imperfections. Longer lasers are found to operate deeper into the slow-light region, leading to a trade-off between slow-light induced reduction of the mirror loss and slow-light enhancement of disorder-induced losses.PACS numbers: 42.55. Tv, 42.70.Qs, Slow light in photonic crystal (PhC) line-defect waveguides [1] enhances the interaction between the propagating light wave and the material of the waveguide, and has enabled the demonstration of increased material nonlinearity [2], enhanced spontaneous emission into the propagating mode [3,4], and enhanced material gain [5]. Such engineering of fundamental materials properties is important for the development of integrated photonic circuits, with applications in classical as well as quantum information technology. Microcavity lasers can be realized in the same PhC membrane structure by exploiting highquality point-defect cavities and in the past decade significant progress was made [6][7][8], culminating in recent demonstrations of high-speed electrically pumped structures [9]. Such PhC lasers allow the exploration of new operation regimes, such as single emitter lasing [10] and ultra-high speed modulation [11]. However, while it was shown that slow light in combination with random spatial disorder leads to very rich physics [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], the role of slow light on lasers realized using defect cavities has apparently not been systematically investigated. For the case of passive point-defect cavities, it is well known that disorder is an important factor limiting the quality factor [19][20][21][22] but the role of slow light in extended active cavities is not well understood.In this paper, we report experimental results on PhC quantum dot lasers with variable cavity length and show that these attain a minimum threshold gain for a certain cavity length, in stark contrast to conventional lasers, where the threshold gain decreases monotonically with cavity length. We derive a rate equation including the effect of slow-light propagation and show that the experimental observations may be explained when taking into account disorder-induced losses. These results show that disorder may lead to fundamental limitations on the performance of nanostructured lasers, but the results also demonstrate a promising platform for investigating disorder effects in active structures, such as the competition between deterministic cavity modes and random modes formed by Anderson localization [18]. . The PhC structure has a lattice constant of a = 438 nm and an air-hole radius of 0.25a. A so-called LN cavity [25...

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“…The tapered regions are symmetrically located with respect to the nanocavity and each taper is constituted by 7 holes. The tapered regions have been designed in order to minimize the modal mismatch between the wire monomode and the PhC mirror Bloch mode [26] that show different effective refractive indexes. Therefore the taper allows an adiabatic transition between these two modes obtaining, as a result, the decreasing of the scattering losses.…”

Section: Nanobeam Cavity Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Q Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavity Based on a Silicon Nitride Membrane Incorporating Fabrication Imperfections and a Low-Index Material Layer

Grande¹,

Calò²,

Petruzzelli³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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Abstract-We detail the optimization of a nanobeam design and show how the fabrication imperfections can affect the optical performance of the device. Then we propose the design of a novel configuration of a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity consisting of a membrane structure obtained by sandwiching a layer of Flowable Oxide (FOx) between two layers of Silicon-Nitride (SiN). Finally, we demonstrate that the presence of a low refractive index layer does not impair the performance of the nanobeam cavity that still exhibits a Q factor and mode volume V of the order of 10 5 and 0.02 (λ/n) 3 , respectively.

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Photon confinement in photonic crystal nanocavities

Cited by 156 publications

References 77 publications

Propagation losses in photonic crystal waveguides: effects of band tail absorption and waveguide dispersion

Propagation losses in photonic crystal waveguides: effects of band tail absorption and waveguide dispersion

Threshold Characteristics of Slow-Light Photonic Crystal Lasers

High-Q Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavity Based on a Silicon Nitride Membrane Incorporating Fabrication Imperfections and a Low-Index Material Layer

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