Photonic band gap implementation for phase centre controlling in Vivaldi antenna

Abstract

Controlling of the phase centre in ultra wideband antenna is important in localisation at radar systems as for accurate localisation, a constant or linear phase centre is required. In addition, high gain, high bandwidth and end‐fire pattern are demanded in these systems. Therefore, end‐fire taper slot Vivaldi antenna has been noticed because of its high gain and wide bandwidth and end fire pattern. The authors have suggested utilising photonic band gap (PBG) for making a linear phase centre of the antenna. Implementation of the PBG substrate has controlled the electric field and surface current over the antenna and compensated the distortion in phase centre and in addition improved the mutual coupling in the proposed antenna. Here, for achieving best results the parametric studies have been noticed for PBG hole diameters and arrangement of these elements is investigated studied. Furthermore, using PBG substrate has improved the antenna gain. The final prototyped antenna with PBG substrate in order to work in a wide bandwidth shows acceptable performance in the range of 6–18 GHz with VSWR <2 antennas well as achieving a higher gain of >2–4 dBi and >90% efficiency, in comparison with conventional tapered slot antennas.

Wide-band conversion of donut-shaped pattern to directive one by square-shaped pattern director antenna

“…The phase center of UWB antenna affects the performance in the time domain. Usually, the width of transmitted impulse is about several hundreds of nanoseconds, so even fine phase center shift greatly will influence the phase of far-field and lead to the waveform dispersion in the time domain [32, 33].…”

“…Most ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas, such as the Vivaldi [32, 33] and ridge horn [34], are designed and fabricated for low power applications, so they are not suitable for use in the output of HPM sources. In addition, the inlet structure of these antennas is not befitted for use as a radiation subsystem in the HPM generators.…”

Dual-band 4-port Vivaldi MIMO Antenna for 5G mmWave Applications at 28/39 GHz

“…While size is a challenge when designing 3D models, printed Vivaldi antennas have been used to reduce their size complexity [6][7][8]. Vivaldi antennas have been used in several fields like satellites, radars, and medical applications [9][10][11]. 5G communications have been carried out using Vivaldi antennas [12][13][14]26].…”

Design of Dual-Slot Vivaldi Antenna with Improved Symmetry of Radiation Patterns in E/H-Plane

“…고 제작의 용이성 등의 장점이 있어 레이다, 마이크로파 이미징 등과 같은 시스템에 널리 사용되어 왔다 [1] . 그러 나 비발디 안테나는 얇은 두께의 유전체 기판상에 제작 되기 때문에, 고주파수에서 주엽이 갈라지고, 이에 따른 이득 저하가 발생하는 한계를 가진다 [2] . 따라서 비발디 안테나의 문제점을 해결하기 위해서, 개구면 상에 높은 유전율을 가지는 렌즈, 제로-계수 메타물질, 기생 패치 등 을 삽입하는 방법 등으로 안테나의 방사 특성을 개선하 고자 하였다 [3]～ [5] .…”