Photonic Bandgap Hepta-Band Stacked Microstrip Antenna for L, S and C Band Applications

A review on microstrip patch antenna parameters of different geometry and bandwidth enhancement techniques

“…The performance of multiband antennas [47][48][49][50][51][52][53] up to seven resonating bands has been presented in Table 9. The multiband antennas with simple design are highly desired for wireless applications as it is integrated into smart devices for multiple applications with the use of single antenna.…”

“…The multiband antennas [47,48] have been designed for dual (bandwidth of 0.4 and 2.2 GHz) and triple bands (bandwidth of 0.05, 0.21, and 0.43 GHz), respectively, while the antennas mentioned in [49] and [50] have been designed for quad band applications with a bandwidth of 0.32, 0.09, 0.09, 0.04 GHz and 0.25, 0.31, 0.3, 1.04 GHz, respectively. The penta-band antenna [51] resonates in 3.54-9.78 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 0.38 GHz, hexa-band antenna [52] resonates in 11.20-23.55 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 1.77 GHz, and hepta-band antenna [53] resonates in 1.57-7.91 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 0.52 GHz. The antennas mentioned in [47,[49][50][51] have been designed with partial ground structure and the antennas mentioned in [48,52] have been designed with the introduction of slots and notches on the radiating patch for multiband operations whereas hepta-band antenna [53] has been designed using multiple substrate layers with photonic bandgap (PBG) structure to achieve seven band resonances.…”

“…The penta-band antenna [51] resonates in 3.54-9.78 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 0.38 GHz, hexa-band antenna [52] resonates in 11.20-23.55 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 1.77 GHz, and hepta-band antenna [53] resonates in 1.57-7.91 GHz with a maximum bandwidth of 0.52 GHz. The antennas mentioned in [47,[49][50][51] have been designed with partial ground structure and the antennas mentioned in [48,52] have been designed with the introduction of slots and notches on the radiating patch for multiband operations whereas hepta-band antenna [53] has been designed using multiple substrate layers with photonic bandgap (PBG) structure to achieve seven band resonances.…”

“…The antennas [47][48][49][50][51][52][53] reported in Table 9 have been fabricated over FR4 epoxy substrate. The antenna mentioned in [47] has smaller planar area (15 × 20 mm 2 ) and the antennas mentioned in [48,53] have larger planar area (39 × 47.6 mm 2 ) as compared to the antennas reported in Table 9.…”

“…The antennas [47][48][49][50][51][52][53] reported in Table 9 have been fabricated over FR4 epoxy substrate. The antenna mentioned in [47] has smaller planar area (15 × 20 mm 2 ) and the antennas mentioned in [48,53] have larger planar area (39 × 47.6 mm 2 ) as compared to the antennas reported in Table 9. A minimum peak gain of 1.2 dBi of the antenna mentioned in [51] and a maximum peak gain of 8 dBi of the antenna mentioned in [49] have been reported.…”