Photoregulation of the Composition, Function, and Structure of Thylakoid Membranes

Anderson, Jan M.

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.37.060186.000521

Cited by 724 publications

(348 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…LHCPII harvests light energy for PSII, but there are indications that the complex also plays a structural role in maintaining the stacked arrangement of thylakoids [2,32]. Since the LHCPII levels are drastically lowered in ch-1 plants, we were interested to see if thylakoids from ch-1 plants had reduced amounts of stacked thylakoids.…”

Section: Ch-1 Thylakoids Remain Stackedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous for the ch-1 locus lack chlorophyll b, lack stable LHCPII and have stacked thylakoids

Murray

Kohorn

1991

Plant Mol Biol

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We are interested in the mechanism of insertion of proteins into the chloroplast thylakoid membrane and the role that accessory pigments may play in this process. For this reason we have begun a molecular analysis of mutant plants deficient in pigments that associate with thylakoid membrane proteins. We have characterized plants that are homozygous for the previously isolated, recessive mutation chlorina-1 (ch-1) of Arabidopsis thaliana. Despite the lack of chlorophyll b and light-harvesting proteins of photosystem II (LHCPII) near normal levels of LHCPII mRNA are found in the mutant, in contrast to LHCPII mRNA levels in carotenoid-deficient mutants. The LHCPII mRNA of chlorina-1 plants can be translated in vitro so it is likely that LHCPII is not stable in ch-1 plants. Moreover, the thylakoid membranes of ch-1 plants remain appressed even though LHCPII levels are drastically reduced.

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Section: Ch-1 Thylakoids Remain Stackedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that LHCPII mediates thylakoid stacking as protease digestion of thylakoid membranes both removes the amino-A terminus of LHCPII, and unstacks the thylakoids [2,32]. However, LHCPII levels are drastically reduced in ch-1 plants and the thylakoid membranes are still stacked.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous for the ch-1 locus lack chlorophyll b, lack stable LHCPII and have stacked thylakoids

Murray

Kohorn

1991

Plant Mol Biol

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“…The increase in the chl a/b ratio in the third week indicates the dominance of the reaction centers (PS II ) and lower action of the solar radiation collection system (Anderson, 1986;Terashima and Hikosaka, 1995). Furthermore, the increase in carotenoid content strongly indicates an anti-stress mechanism (Hendry and Price, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omission and Resupply of Nitrogen Affect Physiological and Enzymatic Activities and the Gene Expression of Eucalypt Clones

Fernandes

Moreira

Barros

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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ABSTRACT:The mineral nutrient uptake of plants in the field occurs in pulses, due to variations in the substance concentrations at the root surface. The fluctuations in nutrient supply probably induce changes in the plant, which are to date unknown for Eucalyptus. This study evaluated these changes in plant growth, nutritional status, photosynthesis, and gene expression, which can serve as biomarkers of the nitrogen status, of four eucalypt clones exposed to N omission and resupply. A greenhouse experiment with four Eucalyptus clones was installed, and after initial growth exposed to N omission for 21 d, followed by N resupply in nutrient solution for 14 d. Nitrogen omission decreased the total N and photosynthetic pigments, net photosynthesis and photochemical dissipation, and increased enzyme activity especially in leaves and the gene expression in leaves and roots. Nitrogen resupply decreased these variations, indicating recovery. The total N concentration was highly and significantly correlated with net photosynthesis, enzyme activity, expression of genes GS2;1 and Gln1;3 in the leaves and AMT1;2 in the roots, contents of chlorophyll a and b, and photochemical energy dissipation. The enzymes GS and NR in the leaves and the genes AMT1;2, GS2;1 and Gln1;3 proved to be sensitive N indicators.

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“…O que acontece no FSII é a perda da proteína envolvida na transferência de elétrons entre P680 e PQ, a qual pode ser recuperada posteriormente. 15,16 A foto-oxidação é um processo irreversível e envolve diretamente os pigmentos receptores de luz. Quando estes absorvem muita luz, ficam muito tempo excitados e interagem com o O 2 produzindo radicais livres, como superóxido (O 2 -), o qual pode destruir as membranas dos cloroplastos.…”

Section: Efeitos Do Excesso De Luzunclassified

“…15,16 Há também alterações fisiológicas que reduzem os riscos de danos em alta luminosidade. Os cloroplastos podem moverse de um lado ao outro da célula (ciclose); a orientação da folha pode alterar ao ponto delas ficarem alinhadas paralelamente à incidência dos raios solares e, assim, absorver menos luz.…”

Section: Efeitos Do Excesso De Luzunclassified

Physiological and Environmental Aspects of Photosynthesis

Kluge¹,

Tezotto-Uliana²,

Silva³

2015

Revista Virtual De Química

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Rev. Virtual Quim. |Vol 7| |No. 1| |56-73| 56 ArtigoAspectos Fisiológicos e Ambientais da Fotossíntese Kluge, R. A.;* Tezotto-Uliana, J. V.; da Silva, P. P. M. Rev. Virtual Quim., 2015, 7 (1), 56-73. Data de publicação na Web: 30 de novembro de 2014 http://www.uff.br/rvq Physiological and Environmental Aspects of PhotosynthesisAbstract: Undoubtedly, photosynthesis is one of the most important process for the life planet maintenance. The sun releases radiant energy that is able to boost the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants, which produce carbohydrates that will be used in the respiration. Among the most important reactions of photosynthesis is the release of oxygen, essential for respiration, which happens in photosystem II. The products generated in the first phase of photosynthesis or photochemical phase (ATP and NADPH) are used in the second phase or the carbon fixation phase. In this second phase acts the Rubisco enzyme, the key enzyme of photosynthesis for the production of carbohydrates such as starch and sucrose. Several factors interfere in the photosynthesis, such as temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide content, light level, water availability and others. The knowledge of these interferences has aided in the development of technologies to maximize agricultural productivity and enable agroclimatic zoning of many cultures.Keywords: Sunlight; photosystem; radiation; Calvin-Benson cycle; rubisco. ResumoA fotossíntese é sem dúvidas um dos processos mais importantes para a manutenção da vida no planeta. O sol, através da liberação de sua energia radiante, é capaz de impulsionar o aparato fotossintético das plantas e produzir carboidratos que serão utilizados no processo respiratório. Dentre as reações mais importantes da fotossíntese está a liberação de oxigênio, imprescindível para a respiração, que ocorre no fotossistema II. Os produtos gerados na primeira fase da fotossíntese, ou fase fotoquímica (NADPH e ATP) são usados na segunda fase ou fase de fixação de carbono. Nessa segunda fase atua a enzima Rubisco, a principal enzima da fotossíntese, para a produção de carboidratos, como amido e sacarose. Vários fatores interferem na fotossíntese, como temperatura, teores de oxigênio e de gás carbônico, nível de luminosidade, disponibilidade hídrica, entre outros. O conhecimento de suas interferências tem auxiliado no desenvolvimento de tecnologias para maximizar a produtividade agrícola e possibilitar o zoneamento agroclimático de muitas culturas.Palavras-chave: Luz solar; fotossistema; radiação; ciclo de Calvin-Benson; rubisco. * U ive sidade de "ão Paulo, Es ola "upe io de Ag i ultu a Luiz de Quei oz , Depa ta e to

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Photoregulation of the Composition, Function, and Structure of Thylakoid Membranes

Cited by 724 publications

References 130 publications

Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous for the ch-1 locus lack chlorophyll b, lack stable LHCPII and have stacked thylakoids

Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous for the ch-1 locus lack chlorophyll b, lack stable LHCPII and have stacked thylakoids

Omission and Resupply of Nitrogen Affect Physiological and Enzymatic Activities and the Gene Expression of Eucalypt Clones

Physiological and Environmental Aspects of Photosynthesis

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