“…With the rapid development of the internet of things (IoT), optoelectronic integrated circuits based on near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors have garnered increasing attention in various fields, including healthcare, food safety, environmental monitoring, as well as smart agriculture and industry. 1–4 Although narrow band gap semiconductor materials, such as InGaAs 5 and Ge, 6 have commonly been used in NIR photodetectors, their high-temperature epitaxial growth and intricate flip-chip packaging processes are not compatible with mature Si-based CMOS processes. 7 Recently, solution-processed lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS CQDs) have attracted extensive interest due to the tunable absorption from visible to short-wavelength infrared by adjusting the dot size, and the low-cost solution-processability makes them compatible with a wide range of substrates.…”