Photostabilisation of wood using aromatic vinyl esters

Jebrane, Mohamed; Sèbe, Gilles; Cullis, I.G.; Evans, Philip D.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.11.013

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We attempted to modify the wood substrate to increase dimensional stability and UV resistance, and then applied an acrylic clear coating to the modified wood that contained double the normal level of UV stabilizers [34]. The best performance was obtained on wood that had been esterified with benzoyl chloride, which is able to photostabilize lignin and dimensionally stabilize wood [104][105][106]. However, photo-bleaching of wood modified with benzoyl chloride occurred beneath clear finishes and such an effect also occurs with some other treatments that esterify wood, which makes then unsuitable as pre-treatments for clear coatings designed to maintain the natural appearance of wood [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Search for Durable Exterior Clear Coatings for Wood

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The goal of a durable exterior clear coating has eluded generations of coatings technologists, despite long-standing desire amongst the public for such a coating. The journey towards this goal initially focused on modifications to coating formulation, but took a completely different direction when it was found that a UV-transparent silicone clear coating on wood modified with chromic acid met consumer expectations of coating durability. This finding sparked world-wide interest in wood pre-treatments as a way of enhancing the durability of clear coatings. This interest initially focused on transition metal compounds, but has now shifted in the direction of organic and inorganic photostabilizers or even more drastic pre-treatments. Pre-treatments that dimensionally stabilize wood, protect it from microbial degradation and photostabilize lignin, when combined with flexible, photostable, coatings provide the next way-stop on the journey towards achieving the goal of durable exterior clear coatings for wood. This paper reviews this journey, drawing upon our research and that of other groups who have focused on this elusive goal. OPEN ACCESSCoatings 2015, 5 831

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach involves esterifying wood with benzoyl chloride or vinyl benzoate [104][105][106]. Both approaches photostabilize lignin, although they are not as effective as chromium VI, and they also increase the longevity of clear coatings [19,34].…”

Section: Photostabilizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Search for Durable Exterior Clear Coatings for Wood

et al. 2015

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“…Acetylation to low weight gains, however, was shown to accelerate the degradation of lignin so that blocking of phenolic hydroxyl groups cannot be the reason for the enhanced stability of lignin (Evans et al 2000). Esterification of Scots pine sapwood with benzoyl chloride (Evans et al 2002) and vinyl benzoate (Jebrane et al 2009) was more effective at photo-stabilising lignin at high WPG than GA treatment. This protecting effect, however, is attributable to the ability of the aromatic benzoyl groups to absorb UV light, which is not the case with GA. GA might possibly protect the wood through the reduction in moisture both in the cell walls and in the lumens of wood.…”

Section: Weight Percentage Gain (Wpg)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Esterification of veneers with phthalic, succinic and maleic anhydride did not reduce weight losses of veneers during artificial weathering and induced greater losses in tensile strength during accelerated weathering as compared to the unmodified controls (Evans 1998). Esterification of veneers with benzoyl chloride (Evans et al 2002) and vinyl benzoate (Jebrane et al 2009) led to photostabilisation of lignin; however, a high WPG of 70% (benzoyl chloride) and above 30% (vinyl benzoate) was necessary to achieve effective protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of chemical modification with glutaraldehyde on the weathering performance of Scots pine sapwood

et al. 2011

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Scots pine sapwood was treated with glutaraldehyde (GA) in aqueous solution using magnesium chloride as a catalyst in order to evaluate the durability towards weathering. Infrared spectroscopy suggested that GA treatment increased the photo-stability of lignin during artificial weathering of micro-veneers in a QUV over 168 h; photo-protection increased with increasing GA concentration. In comparison with the unmodified controls, GA-modified pine micro-veneer strips exhibited a lower tensile strength loss measured in a zero-span mode in the course of weathering. During 18 months of outdoor exposure, GA-modified pine wood boards exhibited a lower moisture content and water uptake than the unmodified ones. GA treatment also clearly restricted the penetration of blue stain fungi into deeper layers of wood. On the macroscopic scale, the surface of the GA-modified boards was significantly smoother due to less erosion, cracking and minor peeling of tracheids. Scanning electron microscopy further revealed that individual tracheids were detached from the cell compound and then washed away from the unmodified wood surface, whereas tracheids on surfaces of GA-modified wood remained in the tissue compound but displayed many axial and transversal cracks.

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“…Chemical modification of grounded wood has been carried out by transesterification with vinyl esters (Jebrane et al 2009). Giridhar and Pandey (2016) reported chemical modification of wood by transesterification using IPA in presence of AlCl 3 as catalyst and examined dimensional stability and UV resistance of modified wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional stabilization of wood by chemical modification using isopropenyl acetate

Giridhar

Pandey

Prasad

et al. 2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Chemical modification of wood with isopropenyl acetate (IPA) using iodine (I 2 ) as catalyst has been carried out. Rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) specimens were reacted with IPA using iodine (I 2 ) catalyst at 95°C up to 10 h under solvent free conditions. The effect of catalyst concentration and reaction time was studied. The extent of acetylation was measured by determining weight percent gain and the modified wood was characterized by FTIR-ATR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. It was found that IPA in the presence of iodine is an excellent acylating reagent for wood. Modified wood exhibited high dimensional stability.

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Photostabilisation of wood using aromatic vinyl esters

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

The Search for Durable Exterior Clear Coatings for Wood

The Search for Durable Exterior Clear Coatings for Wood

Effects of chemical modification with glutaraldehyde on the weathering performance of Scots pine sapwood

Dimensional stabilization of wood by chemical modification using isopropenyl acetate

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