Photosynthesis, Growth, and Ultraviolet Irradiance Absorbance of <i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L. Leaves Exposed to Ultraviolet-B Radiation (280-315 nm)

Sisson, William B.

doi:10.1104/pp.67.1.120

Cited by 51 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A significant reduction in leaf area was observed in several horticultural crops such as cucumber and radish (Tevini et al, 1983). Also, sunflower (Tevini and Teramura, 1989), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) (Sisson, 1981) and field crops such as soybean (Teramura and Murali, 1986) had less leaf area when exposed to UV-B. In the present study, plants treated with UV-B radiation had a significantly smaller canopy leaf area.…”

Section: Effects Of Uv-b On Cotton Growthmentioning

confidence: 51%

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Reddy

Kakani

Zhao

et al. 2003

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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The potential impact of an increase in solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation due to human activity on higher plants has been the subject of many studies. Little work has been carried out so far on cotton responses to enhanced UV-B radiation. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not the current and projected increases in UV-B levels affect cotton growth and development, and to quantify and develop UV-B radiation functional algorithms that can be used in simulation models. Two experiments were conducted during the summer of 2001 using sunlit plant growth chambers in a wide range of UV-B radiations under optimal growing conditions. Leaves exposed to UV-B radiation developed chlorotic and necrotic patches depending on the intensity and length of exposure. Along with changes in visible morphology, cotton canopy photosynthesis declined with increased UV-B radiation. The decline in canopy photosynthesis was partly due to loss of photosynthetic pigments and UV-B-induced decay of leaf-level photosynthetic efficiency (maximum photosynthesis) and capacity (quantum yield) as the leaves aged. The total leaf area was less due to smaller leaves and fewer leaves per plant. Less plant height was closely related to a shorter average internode length rather than a fewer mainstem nodes. The UV-B did not affect cotton major developmental events such as time taken to square, time to flower, and leaf addition rates on the mainstem. Lower biomass was closely related to both smaller leaf area and lower photosynthesis. The critical limit, defined as 90% of optimum or the control, for stem elongation was lower (8.7 kJ m −2 per day UV-B) than the critical limit for leaf expansion (11.2 kJ m −2 per day UV-B), indicating that stem elongation was more sensitive to UV-B than leaf expansion. The critical limits for canopy photosynthesis and total dry weight were 7 and 7.3 kJ m −2 per day, respectively. The identified UV-B-specific indices for stem and leaf growth and photosynthesis parameters may be incorporated into cotton simulation models such as GOSSYM to predict yields under present and future climatic conditions.

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Section: Effects Of Uv-b On Cotton Growthmentioning

confidence: 51%

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Reddy

Kakani

Zhao

et al. 2003

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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“…Reduction in whole plant biomass, plant height and expansion growth of leaves/cotyledons has been observed by elevated and ambient levels of UV-B radiation in several plant species. 18,19,20,109 UV-B caused reduction in the expansion of cotyledons has been observed in soybean, 110 Cucurbita pepo, 111 and Datura ferox, 112 cowpea 113 and cucumber. 3,28,114,115 CKs like BAP, Furfuryl amino purine (FAP), Zeatin and thidiazuron (TDZ) promoted the expansion growth of cucumber cotyledons in the darkness and exposure of cotyledons to UV-B inhibited the CKs-induced expansion growth, which varied with the type of cytokinins used; inhibition was found more in FAP and zeatin compared to BAP and TDZ.…”

Section: Interaction Of Cytokinins With Uv-b Stressmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interaction of cytokinins with UV-B (280 -315nm) on the expansion growth of cucumber cotyledons

Kataria¹,

Kn²

2018

HIJ

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The negative effect on plant responses are expected due to increased amounts of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching on the Earth's surface by stratospheric ozone depletion. Cytokinins (CKs) are essential phytohormones in plant growth and development. Perusal of relevant literature reveals that CKs mitigate the oxidative damage caused by abiotic stresses like salt, drought, high temperature and heavy metal due to their antioxidant effects. However, very few reports are available on the interaction of CKs with UV-B stress on the expansion growth of the cucumber cotyledons. CKs induced the expansion growth of the excised cucumber cotyledons in the darkness. CKs induced expansion growth of cucumber cotyledons in darkness was inhibited by supplemental UV-B. UV-B radiation enhanced the level of oxyradicals like superoxide and hydroxide radicals in the excised cucumber cotyledons, which was evident by EPR spectroscopy. CKs like Zeatin, TDZ, BAP and FAP reduced the level of oxyradicals produced in the dark grown cucumber cotyledons, while promoting the expansion growth of the cotyledons. Production of oxyradical in UV-B exposed cotyledons showed that these oxyradicals might partially account for inhibition of expansion growth. Since considerable amount of oxyradicals were quenched by CKs at higher concentrations (10 and 20 µg/ml) it partially restores the inhibition of expansion growth caused by UV-B stress. It indicates that overproduction of oxyradicals by UV-B could not be entirely responsible for the inhibition of CKs induced expansion growth of cotyledons; which might be caused by some other physiological changes caused by UV-B irradiation in addition to the production of oxyradicals. UV-B is also known to inactivate protein inhibitor of peroxidase in cucumber cotyledons. This may reduce the antioxidants defence and enhance the damaging effects of oxyradicals for the growth of cotyledons.

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“…Murali and Teramura (20) reported a masking of UV-B radiation effects in drought-stressed soybean and attributed this to anatomical (leaf thickening) and biochemical (flavonoid production) changes induced by drought stress. However, other studies have observed deleterious effects of UV-B radiation in the presence of leaf thickening and elevated flavonoid concentrations (18,24,26). Thus alternative explanations should also be considered.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Study of the Interaction between Solar Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Drought on Photosynthesis and Growth in Soybean

Sullivan¹,

Teramura²

1990

Plant Physiol.

190

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Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv Essex, plants were grown in the field in a 2 x 2 factorial design, under ambient and supplemental levels of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation (supplemental daily dose of 5.1 effective kilojoules per square meter) and were either well-watered or subjected to drought. Soil water potentials were reduced to -2.0 megapascals by the exclusion of natural precipitation in the drought plots and were maintained at approximately -0.5 megapascal by supplemental irrigation in well-watered plots. Plant growth and gas exchange characteristics were affected under both drought and supplemental UV-B radiation. Whole-leaf gas exchange analysis indicated that stomatal limitations on photosynthesis were only significantly affected by the combination of UV-B radiation and drought but substrate (ribulose bisphosphate) regeneration limitations were observed under either stress. The combined effect of both drought and UV-B radiation on photosynthetic gas exchange was a reduction in apparent quantum efficiency and the rapid appearance of biochemical limitations to photosynthesis concomitant with reduced diffusional limitations. However, the combination of stresses did not result in additive effects on total plant growth or seed yield compared to reductions under either stress independently.Reductions in global stratospheric ozone column thickness of 1.7 to 3.0% from 1969 to 1986 have recently been reported with seasonal reductions of up to 50% over the Antarctic (21). Such reductions are projected to result in increased solar UV-B2 radiation reaching the earth's surface. UV-B radiation has been shown to reduce plant biomass, leaf area, and photosynthetic capacity in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), and its '

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Photosynthesis, Growth, and Ultraviolet Irradiance Absorbance of Cucurbita pepo L. Leaves Exposed to Ultraviolet-B Radiation (280-315 nm)

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Interaction of cytokinins with UV-B (280 -315nm) on the expansion growth of cucumber cotyledons

Field Study of the Interaction between Solar Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Drought on Photosynthesis and Growth in Soybean

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